20 citations
,
June 2007 in “Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery” Certain inhibitors can potentially treat prostate cancer and other hormone-dependent conditions by controlling sex hormone levels in cells.
June 2023 in “Journal of multidisciplinary sciences (Online)” PCOS is linked to a higher risk of endometrial cancer but not ovarian or breast cancer, and more research is needed on its role in cancer development and treatment effects.
75 citations
,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Taking low-dose spironolactone and metformin together works better for PCOS symptoms than either drug alone.
46 citations
,
August 2006 in “PubMed” A genetic defect causes males in some Mediterranean populations to be born with ambiguous genitalia and develop male traits at puberty.
46 citations
,
December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.
14 citations
,
October 2022 in “Journal of the American Heart Association” Lower testosterone levels may increase heart failure risk in older men.
January 2023 in “Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniâ” Miliacin may help prevent hair loss and improve hair growth in mice with a condition similar to human baldness.
59 citations
,
September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
24 citations
,
January 2011 in “Sexual Development” Intersex frogs have different brain gene activity related to sex and thyroid hormones.
November 2023 in “Brain Sciences” Some medications might contribute to male infertility, with finasteride showing a high number of reports.
36 citations
,
June 2014 in “PLOS ONE” Finasteride, a hair loss drug, may cause long-term sexual side effects due to changes in hormone receptor levels.
26 citations
,
January 2002 in “Advances in experimental medicine and biology” Finasteride, originally for prostate issues, also treats hair loss, similar to effects from certain plants.
54 citations
,
March 2012 in “International Journal of Andrology” Prenatal pesticide exposure may cause earlier breast development in girls.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Autism's genetics are linked with early age of puberty and less hair loss, but not with hormone levels or polycystic ovary syndrome.
19 citations
,
April 2018 in “Clinical cardiology” Older men with low levels of a testosterone byproduct had a higher chance of developing an irregular heartbeat.
9 citations
,
May 2024 in “Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology” Gender affirming hormone therapy improves outcomes in gender affirmation surgery.
4 citations
,
June 2023 in “Frontiers in Aging” Improving blood flow and oxygen levels in middle age may help prevent age-related diseases.
25 citations
,
June 2023 in “Biomedicines” Men generally face more severe COVID-19 outcomes than women, partly due to hormonal differences.
January 2026 in “Immunological Reviews” Females generally have stronger immune responses than males due to the X chromosome.
41 citations
,
March 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” In STSD patients, the body compensates for low androgen levels by increasing another enzyme's activity.
22 citations
,
January 2021 in “Clinical Therapeutics” Men face more severe COVID-19 outcomes, while women are more likely to have long-term symptoms.
October 2025 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Hormonal imbalances in women can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss, needing combined medical and mental health care.
88 citations
,
September 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Hormone treatment for transsexual individuals is effective but carries risks like thromboembolic events and mood changes, with most side effects being minor and reversible.
4 citations
,
January 2015 in “Endocrinology & metabolic syndrome” Testosterone can cause acne and male-pattern baldness, affects hair growth in men and women, and makes male skin more sensitive.
26 citations
,
December 2020 in “Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine” Testosterone and DHEA can benefit women's health but must be prescribed carefully due to potential risks.
255 citations
,
October 1985 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Spironolactone treatment increases the amount of testosterone available in the body.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “Biology and medicine” High testosterone levels in 20% of the women studied may indicate PCOS, while 80% had low levels with potential health impacts.
81 citations
,
May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
4 citations
,
August 2017 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Finger length ratio may indicate male hair loss.
10 citations
,
December 2019 in “in Vivo” Testosterone makes the connections in the uterus lining simpler and lowers certain protein levels, which might lead to infertility.