4 citations
,
September 2025 in “Biomolecules” The effect of GLP-1 RAs on erectile function is unclear and needs more research.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Occipital hair follicles in male pattern baldness respond uniquely to testosterone, not androgen-insensitive.
186 citations
,
February 2015 in “Frontiers in Neuroscience” Testosterone affects brain behavior in complex and varied ways.
92 citations
,
November 2003 in “The Journals of Gerontology” Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.
72 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
29 citations
,
March 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone may influence COVID-19 severity and outcomes.
11 citations
,
September 2015 in “Theriogenology” Testosterone boosts fluid and electrolyte secretion in seminal vesicles, aiding sperm function.
10 citations
,
February 2008 in “International Journal of Andrology” A combination of nanomilled oral testosterone and dutasteride normalized testosterone levels in men with low testosterone and is safe for short-term use.
8 citations
,
July 2018 in “Analytical sciences” Using 5-butylpicolinate esters improves the sensitivity and reliability of detecting testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in saliva.
1 citations
,
July 2024 in “Human Reproduction” Women with both type 2 diabetes and PCOS have worse metabolic issues but milder reproductive symptoms after sleeve gastrectomy.
1 citations
,
January 2023 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” High DHEA and short cervical length in women with PCOS and recurrent miscarriages may harm pregnancy outcomes.
April 2026 in “Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology” Finasteride lowers cortisol and raises testosterone levels in rats.
February 2026 in “Cureus” Ciclosporin can cause excessive hair growth even with testosterone blockers.
March 2015 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone affects skin by increasing oil production and influences hair growth.
January 2025 in “Biomedicines” High testosterone levels can harm fertility by disrupting the LIF signaling pathway in the uterus.
Testosterone, 4-hydroxyandrostenedione, and finasteride affect blood clotting differently in stressed heart conditions.
5 citations
,
June 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Testosterone is important for male sexual traits, reproduction, muscle and bone health, blood production, and metabolism, and works both directly and after being changed into other hormones.
11 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
21 citations
,
April 2011 in “Physiological Research” Normal levels of DHT can reduce belly fat and increase muscle, but too much can lead to hair loss, prostate issues, and possibly heart disease.
September 2025 in “Reproductive health of woman” Metformin reduces high male hormone levels in women with PCOS.
81 citations
,
May 2019 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Melatonin may improve some hormonal and inflammatory issues in women with PCOS.
66 citations
,
May 2014 in “Conservation Physiology” Grizzly and black bears have different stress and hormone responses to salmon availability, influenced by nutrition and social competition.
46 citations
,
August 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” COVID-19 temporarily affects male reproductive health, but sperm and testosterone levels generally return to normal after three months.
35 citations
,
January 2012 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgen Deprivation Therapy for prostate cancer often reduces sexual function but intermittent therapy may be more tolerable.
34 citations
,
December 2012 in “Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care” Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.
33 citations
,
January 2018 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Metformin improves menstrual cycles and hormone levels in women with PCOS, mostly within the first 6 months.
32 citations
,
January 2018 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” Hormone therapy affects hair growth in transgender individuals, with testosterone potentially causing hair loss in trans men and estrogen reducing facial/body hair in trans women; treatment options vary.
28 citations
,
March 1942 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Male rats grow hair faster than females, and certain hormones can slow or slightly increase hair growth, but not significantly beyond natural rates.
21 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Chromium supplements don't improve insulin, hormone levels, or cholesterol in women with PCOS but raise testosterone levels.
19 citations
,
June 1999 in “Steroids” Different halogens on progesterone derivatives can either block or mimic male hormone effects, depending on their type and amount.