18 citations
,
June 2016 in “PeerJ” Testosterone increases certain kidney protein levels, potentially raising blood pressure.
2 citations
,
December 2017 in “Theriogenology” Testosterone increases acidification in the vas deferens by up-regulating V-ATPase.
Toxoplasma gondii infection may increase testosterone levels in males.
March 2024 in “Revista Ciências da Saúde CEUMA” Testosterone increases sexual behavior in female capuchin monkeys.
26 citations
,
December 2020 in “Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine” Testosterone and DHEA can benefit women's health but must be prescribed carefully due to potential risks.
September 2023 in “Scientific reports” Segmental hair analysis can track testosterone over time but needs adjustments for sex, hair color, and washing frequency.
May 2017 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Testosterone levels are not linked to erectile dysfunction in young and middle-aged men with HIV.
136 citations
,
January 2004 in “Neuroscience” Testosterone increases seizure risk through its conversion to specific neurosteroids.
122 citations
,
November 2014 in “BMC Medicine” Oral testosterone therapy raises heart risk more than other methods.
38 citations
,
May 2021 in “International Journal of Infectious Diseases” Low testosterone may indicate severe COVID-19 in men.
14 citations
,
September 2017 in “General and comparative endocrinology” Barn owls with smaller black spots have higher testosterone levels, which might be due to genetic effects on hormone regulation rather than hormone effects on coloration.
4 citations
,
August 2024 in “PLoS ONE” Both injectable contraceptives lower testosterone and SHBG levels, with NET-EN having a greater effect than DMPA-IM.
4 citations
,
January 2015 in “Endocrinology & metabolic syndrome” Testosterone can cause acne and male-pattern baldness, affects hair growth in men and women, and makes male skin more sensitive.
3 citations
,
March 2025 in “Endocrine Connections” Higher DHT levels are linked to more acne in adolescents, especially boys.
3 citations
,
November 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Testosterone can both promote hair growth and cause baldness by affecting hair growth signals.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “EBioMedicine” Women have a higher DHT/testosterone ratio than men, possibly due to gut bacteria activity.
1 citations
,
January 2008 in “Proceedings of the 9th World Rabbit Congress, Verona, Italy, 10-13 June 2008” Furless male rabbits grew slightly faster and heavier than furred ones, but testosterone levels were not the cause.
1 citations
,
December 2021 in “Androgens” Testosterone and its metabolites affect brain functions and could help treat neurological disorders.
February 2026 in “Cureus” Ciclosporin can cause excessive hair growth even with testosterone blockers.
November 2024 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Testosterone increases hair testosterone levels, stress raises hair cortisol, and relationship status affects hormone levels.
Testosterone works in different ways, including direct interaction with its receptor, conversion to other hormones for specific effects on genitalia, hair, bones, and muscle, and changes in body fat and sexual function when low.
July 2020 in “International Journal of Research” High testosterone increases heart disease risk in women with PCOS.
February 2014 in “Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano)” Testosterone metabolites may help relieve diabetic nerve pain.
December 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Short-acting testosterone injections in a clinic are a preferred treatment for low testosterone because they work well, are convenient, and patients stick with the treatment.
16 citations
,
December 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with estrogen possibly reducing risk and testosterone potentially increasing it.
1 citations
,
January 1971 Hormones, especially androgens, affect hair growth and can cause hair loss or excess hair in both men and women.
May 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Testosterone significantly affects urination differences between male and female mice.
May 2026 in “Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair analysis can effectively assess long-term hormone activity in young children.
13 citations
,
December 2018 in “Development, Growth & Differentiation” Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.
2 citations
,
February 2021 in “Brain Research” Testosterone affects blood pressure control and inflammation in male rats with endotoxic shock, and blocking certain hormones may help treat it.