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GnRH analogue can help diagnose ovarian causes of high testosterone in postmenopausal women when scans don't show the cause.

Recognizing and managing hirsutism, alopecia, and acne is crucial for improving wellbeing in women with PCOS.

Taking low-dose spironolactone and metformin together works better for PCOS symptoms than either drug alone.

Antiandrogen drugs can reduce PSA levels in women with excess hair, suggesting PSA is a sign of male hormone activity in women.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Testosterone helps human pancreatic cells increase insulin release.

New oral testosterone formulations show potential for safer, effective hormone replacement in men with low testosterone.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Taking oral testosterone with finasteride or dutasteride doubles testosterone levels, and food slightly affects it.

The new oral testosterone pill normalized testosterone levels and lowered SHBG in men with low testosterone.

Testosterone supplements can increase muscle mass and strength in older men with low levels, but long-term effects and risks need more research.

A combination of nanomilled oral testosterone and dutasteride normalized testosterone levels in men with low testosterone and is safe for short-term use.

A woman's excessive hair growth was caused by a rare benign tumor in her adrenal gland, which was successfully removed.

Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.

Women with acne and irregular periods had higher active testosterone levels, which could suggest the usefulness of antiandrogen treatment.

Higher testosterone levels in Nigerian women with PCOS are linked to glucose disorders like diabetes.

High testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in hair could predict male-pattern baldness.

An extract from Quercus acutissima bark was found to reduce sebum production and block an enzyme linked to acne.

Certain 4-azasteroids are effective at blocking the enzyme that processes testosterone in human skin and could help treat acne, excessive hair growth, and male pattern baldness.

Testosterone affects brain functions and contributes to sex differences, influencing conditions like autism.

Androgens, like DHT, affect hair growth and treatments like finasteride may help.

High testosterone levels in 20% of the women studied may indicate PCOS, while 80% had low levels with potential health impacts.

The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.

Taking 5α-reductase inhibitors with prednisolone can worsen its negative effects on metabolism.

Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.

Certain Chinese herbs, especially Cacumen platycladi, can promote hair regrowth and reduce hair loss-related hormone levels in mice.

Testosterone may both worsen and protect against COVID-19 effects in men.

Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.

Female mice with disrupted 5α-reductase 1 had significant metabolic issues, including stress response problems, insulin resistance, liver fat buildup, and obesity.