June 2014 in “Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology” Some plant extracts may treat livestock diseases, certain animal treatments are safe and effective, but more research on drug safety and resistance is needed.
306 citations
,
April 2019 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “Life science alliance” Pantethine may boost the immune system's ability to fight sarcoma.
51 citations
,
June 2021 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy” The document concludes that while there are promising methods to control CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, more research is needed to overcome challenges related to safety and effectiveness for clinical use.
3 citations
,
August 2025 in “Advanced Therapeutics” Engineered cytokines show promise for improving tissue healing and safety in regenerative medicine.
Botulinum toxin type A significantly reduces scalp psoriasis severity compared to placebo.
101 citations
,
July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” UVB exposure in human skin causes macrophages to produce more IL-10 and less IL-12, leading to immunosuppression.
2 citations
,
September 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Small extracellular vesicles can help diagnose and manage sepsis.
8 citations
,
October 2021 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Mesenchymal stem cells may effectively treat and prevent allergic skin conditions.
7 citations
,
December 2016 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” NKG2D+CD4+ T cells are higher in alopecia areata patients and may be involved in the disease.
May 2022 in “Liver transplantation” The document explains how the immune system reacts to organ transplants and the treatments used to prevent rejection.
67 citations
,
February 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” The nanofiber membranes effectively promote wound healing and have strong antibacterial properties.
49 citations
,
October 2024 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Polysaccharides boost immunity and could help prevent and treat diseases.
37 citations
,
August 2024 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” Keratins 6, 16, and 17 increase in damaged or diseased skin and may help diagnose skin issues.
2 citations
,
May 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Ursolic acid may help develop new anti-inflammatory drugs by affecting immune cells.
5 citations
,
March 1996 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Certain cytokines and growth factors can stop hair growth and may play a role in alopecia areata.
248 citations
,
August 2015 in “Pharmacological Research” Vaccines are generally safe, but rare autoimmune reactions can occur, often influenced by genetics.
4 citations
,
August 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Mesenchymal stem cells and their vesicles may effectively treat skin diseases, but more research is needed.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Microbiology” Skin bacteria help heal wounds and restore healthy skin.
489 citations
,
November 2021 in “Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy” The JAK/STAT pathway is important in cell processes and disease, and JAK inhibitors are promising for treating related conditions.
105 citations
,
December 2017 in “Journal of Biological Engineering” Artificial skin grafts face immune rejection, but stem cells may improve future designs.
8 citations
,
July 2024 in “Journal of Advanced Research” CDK inhibitors may help treat ARDS and psoriasis but need more testing for safety and effectiveness.
August 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Androgenetic alopecia involves immune cell disruptions, especially increased CD4+ T cells around hair follicles.
134 citations
,
July 2020 in “Experimental dermatology” Hair follicles are normally protected from the immune system, but when this protection fails, it can cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
63 citations
,
September 2020 in “Frontiers in Microbiology” Probiotics show promise for health benefits but need more research to understand how they work.
60 citations
,
November 2023 in “Biology” Aging skin causes inflammation that affects the whole body.
48 citations
,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Contact sensitizers like DCP and SADBE are the most effective treatments for alopecia areata.
45 citations
,
June 2018 in “Frontiers in immunology” MDSC-Exo can treat autoimmune alopecia areata and promote hair regrowth in mice.
39 citations
,
June 2023 in “Advanced Materials” Microneedles offer a promising, painless, and efficient way to deliver vaccines and therapies directly to the skin.
20 citations
,
March 2021 in “Drug design, development and therapy” Topical immunotherapy can treat alopecia areata, but its effectiveness varies and the exact mechanism is unclear.