September 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Bacteroides fragilis and Microbacterium sp. T32 may be linked to autoimmune activity in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and alopecia areata.
January 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition” Low zinc levels in chronic liver disease patients are linked to more severe symptoms like taste issues and skin problems, and zinc supplements might help.
248 citations
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August 2015 in “Pharmacological Research” Vaccines are generally safe, but rare autoimmune reactions can occur, often influenced by genetics.
13 citations
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April 2019 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Vitamin D is important for skin health, but more research is needed to understand its full effects and treatment potential.
290 citations
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August 2021 in “Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology” JAK inhibitors show promise for treating alopecia areata, but more research is needed.
40 citations
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January 2022 in “Nutrients” Diet can influence inflammatory skin diseases.
2 citations
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June 2023 in “PeerJ” Chronic inflammation can cause cancer by making stem cells divide and mutate.
1 citations
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March 2023 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Current treatments for Alopecia Areata have mixed success, and there's a need for better, more accessible options and support for affected individuals.
Thermal spring waters and their microbes could be good for skin health and treating some skin conditions in skincare products.
12 citations
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April 2017 in “Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine” Patients with severe active alopecia areata have lower CD200 expression and an imbalance in their immune system.
Gushen Shengfa pills and Wuling capsules are more effective for hair growth and sleep quality than the control treatment.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Targeting immune pathways like JAK/STAT may help treat frontal fibrosing alopecia.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Both Th1 and Th2 immune responses are increased in alopecia areata, with Th2 response more strongly linked to how severe the disease is.
58 citations
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July 2018 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Alopecia areata severity is linked to increased TH1 and TH2 activity.
4 citations
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January 2011 in “Journal of UOEH” Autoimmune hair loss may be linked to increased Th1 and Th17 cells and decreased Th2 cells.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” 1 citations
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October 2023 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Combining hair transplantation with PRP is more effective for treating hair loss than hair transplantation alone.
2 citations
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May 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Upadacitinib is safe and effective for treating alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis in children.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Chronic graft-versus-host disease in the skin shows strong Th1 immune response and unique barrier issues.
15 citations
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October 2022 in “Allergy” Dupilumab treatment reduces Th2-related markers and helps hair growth in alopecia areata, showing Th2's role in the condition.
3 citations
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January 2019 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” People with alopecia areata may also have allergic rhinitis and should be checked for respiratory allergies.
10 citations
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October 2024 in “Dermatology Practical & Conceptual” Dupilumab may worsen Alopecia Areata in some males but improve it in some females, suggesting personalized treatment is needed.
March 2021 in “International Journal of Clinical Dermatology & Research” Dupilumab can help regrow hair in alopecia areata but stopping it may cause hair loss again.
34 citations
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November 2022 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” People with alopecia areata are more likely to have other immune-related conditions.
1 citations
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September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Alopecia areata involves complex immune dysregulation, mainly driven by Th1 activity, suggesting broader treatment strategies.
August 2025 in “JEADV Clinical Practice” Dupilumab successfully treated a woman's alopecia areata and bullous pemphigoid, leading to full hair regrowth and symptom resolution.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Melanogenesis-related proteins may trigger immune responses in alopecia areata patients.
March 2005 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Higher levels of IL-1a and IL-1RA were found in severe alopecia areata cases.
49 citations
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December 2018 in “Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology” Dupilumab may cause hair loss in some patients with severe atopic dermatitis.
41 citations
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December 2019 in “Science Translational Medicine” Anti-EGFR therapy can cause skin issues, but FGF7 treatment might help.