192 citations
,
March 2017 in “Cell host & microbe” Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.
10 citations
,
January 2019 in “International Immunology” Immune cells help keep skin healthy and repair it, but imbalance can cause disease.
30 citations
,
May 2016 in “Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy” New treatments targeting immune pathways show promise for severe hair loss but need more research for safety and effectiveness.
15 citations
,
March 2021 in “Journal of clinical medicine” Biologic treatments for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause skin problems, and doctors should adjust treatment if these occur.
March 2021 in “International Journal of Clinical Dermatology & Research” Dupilumab can help regrow hair in alopecia areata but stopping it may cause hair loss again.
Dupilumab may cause hair loss, so patients should be monitored.
181 citations
,
January 2019 in “Cell” Innate lymphoid cells help control skin bacteria by regulating sebaceous glands.
16 citations
,
October 2020 in “Lipids in Health and Disease” Leptin affects skin and hair health and may worsen some skin conditions, but more research is needed to understand its full impact.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Chronic graft-versus-host disease in the skin shows strong Th1 immune response and unique barrier issues.
50 citations
,
November 2021 in “Viruses” Spironolactone may help reduce COVID-19 severity in men by blocking harmful effects of certain hormones.
11 citations
,
August 2020 in “Diabetes” Testosterone helps human pancreatic cells increase insulin release.
June 2022 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Tofacitinib regrew hair in a man with total hair loss but raised cytokine levels, needing more research on possible side effects.
17 citations
,
June 2012 in “European journal of medicinal chemistry” New steroid compounds effectively inhibit 5α-reductase and may treat hair loss.
717 citations
,
June 2010 in “Nature” Alopecia areata involves both innate and adaptive immunity, with specific genes linked to the disease.
34 citations
,
November 2022 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” People with alopecia areata are more likely to have other immune-related conditions.
10 citations
,
August 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Leptin-deficient mice, used as a model for Type 2 Diabetes, have delayed wound healing due to impaired contraction and other dysfunctional cellular responses.
April 2026 in “Journal of Inflammation Research” Alopecia areata and atopic dermatitis share immune system issues, and treatments like JAK inhibitors can help both.
23 citations
,
February 2015 in “The American journal of pathology” Keratosis pilaris is often linked to genetic mutations and causes skin and hair abnormalities, regardless of those mutations.
April 2024 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Alopecia areata and vitiligo share immune system dysfunction but differ in specific immune responses and affected areas.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Ustekinumab treatment didn't prevent frontal fibrosing alopecia.
45 citations
,
May 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Alopecia areata is caused by immune attacks on hair follicles, affecting hair growth and quality of life.
August 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Androgenetic alopecia involves immune cell disruptions, especially increased CD4+ T cells around hair follicles.
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Atopic dermatitis and alopecia areata share immune and genetic factors, and targeted therapies may help both.
January 2024 in “Biomedicines” The review shows that skin symptoms like chronic fungal infections, hair loss, and skin depigmentation are key for early detection and management of APECED.
38 citations
,
January 2019 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” The document concluded that more research is needed to find the best treatment for Frontal fibrosing alopecia.
28 citations
,
June 2021 in “Frontiers in immunology” A protein called lfTSLP is important in causing allergic and other skin diseases and could be a target for treatment.
5 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A new mouse model for vitiligo helps study immune responses and potential treatments.
3 citations
,
October 2025 in “Biomedicines” New treatments for seborrheic dermatitis show promise for difficult cases.
1 citations
,
July 2025 in “Diagnostics” Dupilumab users have a higher risk of developing alopecia areata.
Ovol2 is crucial for hair growth and skin healing by controlling cell movement and growth.