130 citations
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November 2017 in “Frontiers in Immunology” The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.
18 citations
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March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.
3 citations
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January 2024 in “Liver International” Targeting thyroid hormone receptor α in liver cells may help treat liver fibrosis.
7 citations
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April 2023 in “Biomedicines” Dihydrotestosterone boosts inflammation in fat cells more than testosterone.
August 2019 in “Journal of Invertebrate Pathology” Thymosin beta 4 protects cells from damage by blocking a harmful microRNA and boosting a protective gene.
3 citations
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November 2021 in “Protein and Peptide Letters” β-thymosin in invertebrates is more complex and diverse than in vertebrates.
30 citations
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March 2015 in “PLoS ONE” Thyroxine can adjust the body's peripheral clock, potentially helping treat clock-related diseases.
75 citations
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September 2009 in “Dermato-endocrinology” The skin produces and processes hormones, affecting both local and overall body functions.
245 citations
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October 2015 in “Nature medicine” Hair follicle-derived IL-7 and IL-15 are crucial for maintaining skin-resident memory T cells and could be targeted for treating skin diseases and lymphoma.
49 citations
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December 2009 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Thyroid function affects skin health, with a complex interaction between the two.
21 citations
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December 1997 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Thymectomy and high-dose prednisolone improved hair loss in a woman with alopecia areata.
September 2024 in “Digital Commons - University of South Florida (University of South Florida)” Hormones can change ptarmigan feather color from white to pigmented.
27 citations
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March 2019 in “PLoS ONE” Thyroxine (T4) may help heal skin wounds by promoting new skin and blood vessel growth.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Immunotherapy for cancer caused a patient to develop a condition affecting hormone production, requiring ongoing hormone replacement therapy.
October 2022 in “The American journal of gastroenterology” Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity can cause liver damage and affects multiple organs, with limited treatment options and a generally poor prognosis.
Applying thyroid hormones to the scalp can help hair grow.
11 citations
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January 2020 in “World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine” Kidney-yang deficiency syndrome causes hormonal imbalances and various physical symptoms.
2 citations
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November 2011 in “InTech eBooks” Stress can worsen skin conditions by affecting immune responses and skin cell activities.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Androgens reduce THY1 in skin cells, leading to less fat, more fibrosis, and worse healing in males.
2 citations
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March 2019 in “Veterinary dermatology” Thymoma in cats can cause hair loss without inflammation.
55 citations
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April 2010 in “Cancer and Metastasis Reviews” TGFβ's manipulation of inflammation and immune cells affects cancer spread, suggesting new treatment strategies and biomarkers.
26 citations
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September 2023 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Regulatory T cells help prevent autoimmunity and have potential for treating autoimmune diseases.
8 citations
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October 2016 in “Experimental dermatology” Hair follicles may help teach the immune system to tolerate new self-antigens, but this can sometimes cause hair loss.
October 2025 in “Science Advances” IFN-γ production by CD4 T cells is crucial for causing alopecia areata.
23 citations
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November 2007 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Thyroid hormone (T3) may reverse gray hair by stimulating hair growth.
98 citations
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July 2014 in “Trends in Molecular Medicine” Hair follicles are hormone-sensitive and involved in growth and other functions, with potential for new treatments, but more research is needed.
April 2023 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Frequent blood transfusions in beta thalassemia patients can lead to thyroid problems.
37 citations
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December 2021 in “Cells” Alopecia areata severity and treatment response are linked to specific cytokine levels.
24 citations
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March 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” TIP39 and PTH2R help control calcium levels and skin cell development.
37 citations
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November 2007 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Ku80 is a key receptor for Thymosin β4, affecting cell migration and wound healing.