CD4 T cells need IFN-γ to cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
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January 2020 in “Cellular & Molecular Immunology/Cellular & molecular immunology” Tissue-resident memory T cells can protect against infections and cancer but may also contribute to autoimmune diseases.
January 2025 in “Mansoura Medical Journal” TPO antibodies can help identify hypothyroid patients who still have symptoms despite normal TSH levels.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The role of γδT-cells in causing alopecia areata remains unclear.
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February 1995 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Gamma/delta T cells help defend skin against heavy metals.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Expanding regulatory T cells may help treat alopecia areata by reducing harmful immune cells.
April 2024 in “Pigment cell & melanoma research” Different types of resting melanocyte stem cells have unique characteristics and vary in their potential to become other cells.
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February 2009 in “Cell and tissue biology” October 2022 in “Journal of pharmaceutical negative results” People with Alopecia areata have higher levels of certain T regulatory cells in their blood.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Higher PD-1 levels are linked to fewer immune cells in hair follicles in alopecia areata.
441 citations
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May 1996 in “Journal of Cell Science” Keratin 19 helps identify skin stem cells, with its presence varying by body location, age, and culture stage.
January 2015 in “The Annals of Clinical and Analytical Medicine” Patients with alopecia areata had higher TSH levels.
May 2005 in “Cancer Research” Melanoma cells lose their ability to form tumors when placed in a zebrafish embryo environment.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides has unique molecular features and cell interactions that could guide targeted therapy.
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September 2020 in “Journal of neurophysiology” Young adults have about 230,000 tactile nerve fibers, decreasing 5-8% per decade with age.
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January 2015 in “Advanced techniques in biology & medicine” Down Syndrome patients with Alopecia Areata often have hypothyroidism and specific immune abnormalities.
Thymosin β4 helps heal corneal wounds.
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November 2021 in “Protein and Peptide Letters” β-thymosin in invertebrates is more complex and diverse than in vertebrates.
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April 2013 in “PLoS ONE” Thymosin Beta 4 helps human dental pulp cells develop into tooth-forming cells, suggesting it could aid dental regeneration.
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December 2021 in “Cells” Alopecia areata severity and treatment response are linked to specific cytokine levels.
March 2005 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Higher levels of IL-1a and IL-1RA were found in severe alopecia areata cases.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Researchers found three types of melanocytes in developing mouse skin, each with different genes and locations.
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May 2014 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Special immune cells called Tregs can help prevent lung scarring by blocking a specific growth factor.
245 citations
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October 2015 in “Nature medicine” Hair follicle-derived IL-7 and IL-15 are crucial for maintaining skin-resident memory T cells and could be targeted for treating skin diseases and lymphoma.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The study suggests that a specific type of immune cell, memory-like NK cells, may increase during active hair loss in Alopecia areata.
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July 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The patient had paraneoplastic pemphigus without mucosal involvement.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” An automated system can predict death risk in thin melanoma by analyzing immune cells.
86 citations
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August 2000 in “Pigment cell research” Melanocyte activity in hair follicles is linked to the hair growth cycle, being active in growth phases and inactive in rest phases.
TSH levels are similar across nonscarring alopecia types, with unclear racial differences.
August 2019 in “Journal of Invertebrate Pathology” Thymosin beta 4 protects cells from damage by blocking a harmful microRNA and boosting a protective gene.