4 citations
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June 2025 in “Medeniyet Medical Journal” TMPRSS2 is crucial for COVID-19 infection and is a potential target for treatment.
224 citations
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February 2013 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” ERG increases SOX9, promoting prostate cancer growth and invasion.
38 citations
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December 2009 in “Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology” The conclusion suggests that prostate cancer should be classified by castration status and that new therapies targeting androgen receptor signaling show promise.
16 citations
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August 2021 in “Tumor Biology” TMPRSS2 helps viruses enter cells and protects the prostate from inflammation-related cancer.
42 citations
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June 2020 in “Seminars in Oncology” Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with men often faring worse, and targeting related pathways could offer treatment options.
34 citations
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September 2020 in “BMC Endocrine Disorders” Existing drug dexamethasone may lower death risk in severe COVID-19 cases; more research needed for other drugs.
15 citations
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December 2020 in “Pharmacology Research & Perspectives” Blocking enzymes that help the virus enter cells could be a promising way to treat COVID-19.
4 citations
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April 2021 in “Experimental and Molecular Medicine” The conclusion is that certain genetic factors and blood types may affect COVID-19 severity, but changes in ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes are not clearly linked to it.
9 citations
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June 2023 in “Human Genomics” MX1 and AR genes are linked to milder COVID-19, while TMPRSS2 increases severe risk, especially in women.
25 citations
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June 2019 in “Endocrine Related Cancer” Mutations in certain receptors can cause diseases and offer new treatment options.
19 citations
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November 2021 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone may affect COVID-19 severity differently in men and women, potentially influencing prevention and treatment strategies.
6 citations
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January 2024 in “Cancers” Antiandrogens don't help with COVID-19 and aren't recommended.
113 citations
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July 2020 in “Communications biology” Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.
4 citations
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March 2018 in “PloS one” Men with less sun-sensitive skin have lower PSA levels, while men with more sun-sensitive skin have higher PSA levels.
402 citations
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August 2011 in “Cancer research” Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.
47 citations
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January 2021 in “Fertility and Sterility” COVID-19 might affect male fertility, but more research is needed to understand the full impact.
9 citations
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May 2021 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Possible link between androgens and COVID-19 severity; more research needed.
3 citations
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January 2017 in “Revista chilena de nutrición” Certain natural compounds called terpenes may help prevent prostate cancer.
9 citations
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September 2020 in “Journal of Drugs in Dermatology” Men had worse COVID-19 outcomes than women in New York City.
108 citations
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February 2008 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology” Inhibiting 5α-reductase can help reduce prostate cancer risk and improve treatment.
9 citations
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November 2021 in “Infectious Agents and Cancer” Androgen deprivation therapy doesn't lower the risk of death from COVID-19 in prostate cancer patients.
11 citations
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June 2020 in “Biomedicines” % free PSA and urinary markers help better identify prostate cancer.
August 2024 in “Steroids” The androgen receptor's shape-changing ability helps it function but can lead to cancer treatment resistance.
4 citations
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July 2025 in “Organoids” Organoids can revolutionize medicine by modeling diseases and aiding in personalized treatments.
70 citations
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April 2020 in “Journal of Molecular Cell Biology” Organoid technology helps create mini-organs for studying diseases and testing drugs.
121 citations
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November 2020 in “Endocrine” Male hormones like testosterone may make COVID-19 worse, and testing for sensitivity to these hormones could help predict how severe a patient's symptoms might be. Treatments that reduce these hormones are being explored.
1 citations
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September 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Men have worse COVID-19 outcomes than women due to genetic and hormonal differences.
December 2023 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Men with early balding showed higher levels of certain genes linked to hair loss and possibly prostate cancer.
232 citations
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January 2013 in “Nature Cell Biology” Understanding where cancer cells come from helps create better prevention and treatment methods.
24 citations
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February 2022 in “Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders” Women with PCOS have a higher risk of severe COVID-19 due to related health issues.