January 2019 in “Springer eBooks” Combination therapies might work better for some vitiligo patients, but results vary.
March 2026 in “Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences)” Angelica sinensis helps repair and regenerate the thymus in mice.
117 citations
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April 2008 in “Developmental biology” Ectodysplasin inhibits Wnt signaling to help form hair follicles.
23 citations
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December 2021 in “Frontiers in Immunology” IL-1 family cytokines are crucial for skin defense and healing, but their imbalance can cause skin diseases.
8 citations
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August 2025 in “Journal of Translational Medicine” CD44 signaling can help heal wounds without scars.
43 citations
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December 2006 in “The American journal of pathology” Edar signaling is crucial for controlling hair growth and regression.
15 citations
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February 2021 in “Frontiers in immunology” Leptin, a hormone from fat cells, affects immune responses and can influence skin diseases and hair growth.
9 citations
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July 2016 in “JAAD case reports” Denosumab treatment for osteoporosis can cause hair loss.
1 citations
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October 2025 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” A JAK1 variant causes hair loss, skin issues, and thyroid disease, but treatment with a specific inhibitor can help.
January 2025 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Alopecia areata patients don't have increased atherosclerosis risk, but may have higher cardiovascular risk due to smoking, blood sugar, and blood pressure.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “Skin appendage disorders” The complement system might be involved in the development of alopecia areata and could lead to new treatments.
June 2025 in “Preprints.org” EDA is vital for bone and cartilage formation and could help treat skeletal disorders.
277 citations
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December 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” JAK inhibitors show promise for treating skin disorders like alopecia, eczema, and psoriasis.
112 citations
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January 2013 in “Experimental dermatology” Faulty Notch signalling may cause hair follicle changes and inflammation in hidradenitis suppurativa.
27 citations
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February 2023 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology” WNT10B is important for body functions and linked to diseases like osteoporosis, obesity, and cancer.
18 citations
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October 2021 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (L-PGDS) is a protein that plays many roles in the body, including sleep regulation, pain management, food intake, and protection against harmful substances. It also affects fat metabolism, glucose intolerance, cell maturation, and is involved in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. It can influence sex organ development and embryonic cell differentiation, and its levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for certain conditions.
9 citations
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August 2021 in “International journal of molecular sciences” PPARγ is essential for maintaining healthy skin, controlling inflammation, and ensuring proper skin barrier function.
5 citations
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December 2022 in “Toxins” Neurotoxins can affect neurotransmitter release and have potential in treating muscle, pain, and cancer conditions, but more research is needed on how they work.
5 citations
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February 2022 in “Stem cell reports” Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) promotes hair growth, especially after skin injury.
2 citations
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August 2023 in “Autophagy” Autophagy helps control skin inflammation and cancer responses and regulates hair growth by affecting stem cell activity.
January 2026 in “Chemical Engineering Journal” Engineered nanovesicles from hair follicle stem cells enable scarless healing of infected wounds.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Nanomedicine” Metal-organic frameworks can help heal wounds, reduce scars, and promote hair growth, but more research is needed.
April 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Fibronectin is essential for hair follicle regeneration by supporting stem cells.
January 2023 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” No single ideal JAK inhibitor for alopecia areata has been determined; JAK3 inhibitors may be promising with fewer side effects.
249 citations
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May 2003 in “Developmental Biology” Ectodysplasin-A1 is crucial for developing hair, teeth, and glands.
32 citations
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October 2023 in “Biomedicines” PCOS causes inflammation regardless of body weight.
21 citations
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June 2011 in “Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science” Hair follicles could help develop eye treatments by studying immune responses.
February 2026 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Alopecia areata involves immune system issues and specific cell types that disrupt hair growth, leading to hair loss.
12 citations
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December 2010 in “Journal of thoracic oncology” New treatments for non-small cell lung cancer are being tested, with some already in use, focusing on immune response and targeting cancer cells, but side effects vary.
55 citations
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August 2024 in “Heliyon” Stem cell transplantation shows promise for treating diseases but faces challenges like safety, ethics, and cost.