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The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.

Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.

Non-hormonal treatments should be used first for sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal breast cancer patients on aromatase inhibitors, with hormones as a second option.

Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves mental health and gender incongruence but requires careful management of cardiovascular and cancer risks.

New imaging techniques show testosterone delays hair growth and shrinks follicles in mice, but have limited depth for viewing.

Exosomes from hair papilla cells and the Chinese medicine Liao Tuo Fang can potentially promote hair growth and could be used to develop hair growth drugs.

Perilla frutescens is a versatile herb with health benefits and potential in food and industrial uses.

Plum blossom needle acupuncture with qi-invigorating therapy is more effective for Seborrheic Alopecia than Western medicine.

The document concluded that more research is needed to understand how estrogen affects the enzyme involved in hirsutism development.

Transgender and gender-diverse teens need specialized skin and mental health care.

Certain drugs can worsen hair loss in people prone to androgenetic alopecia.

Androgen treatment with dihydrotestosterone may help maintain height in patients with 5-α-reductase type 2 deficiency, especially before puberty.

The herbal mixture could potentially improve hair loss.

Saw palmetto extract may help with hair loss and acne but needs more research on safety and long-term effects.

Hormones like androgens, estrogen, thyroid hormones, and stress hormones can contribute to hair loss, and treatments target these hormonal imbalances.

The new rodent model successfully mimics non-lean human PCOS symptoms.

Plant-derived nanoparticles from Polygoni Multiflori Radix promote hair growth better than Minoxidil by affecting androgen pathways.

Hair transplants help transgender patients look more like their gender identity, with different procedures for trans women and men.

GLP-1 receptor agonists can cause skin and hair issues due to rapid weight loss, but these can be managed with proper care and treatments.

Linoleic acid is important for healthy skin and hair.

Possible new treatments for common hair loss include drugs, stem cells, and improved transplants.

Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth in women, often caused by hormonal imbalances, and requires ongoing treatment to manage.

The document concludes that there are no reliable treatments for frontal fibrosing alopecia, with only temporary benefits from current options.

A woman with bullous pemphigoid had an allergic reaction to azathioprine, but got better with alternative treatments.

There are many treatments for common hair loss, but more trials are needed to decide which are best.

Alopecia areata can regrow hair in a pattern similar to androgenetic alopecia.

Dissolvable microneedles with Ginsenoside Rg3 can help treat hair loss by improving drug delivery and stimulating hair growth.

Use minoxidil for hair loss; finasteride and dutasteride for men, dutasteride for women.

Oral spironolactone's effectiveness for adult female acne is not well-supported by strong evidence.