10 citations
,
July 2015 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Estradiol gel can cause hair loss in dogs.
January 2014 in “Side effects of drugs annual” Exposure to certain sex hormones can increase health risks, while some hormone therapies may offer benefits for specific conditions.
38 citations
,
February 2005 in “The journal of sexual medicine” The testosterone patch and gel are both effective, but they have different absorption patterns and effects on hormone levels.
110 citations
,
April 2002 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dihydrotestosterone gel improved well-being and sexual function in older men without negatively affecting prostate health.
15 citations
,
February 2013 in “Pharmaceutical nanotechnology” Finasteride delivery through skin improved using invasomes and iontophoresis.
204 citations
,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
5 citations
,
June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
61 citations
,
January 2017 in “Human Reproduction Open” The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.
46 citations
,
January 2008 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.
March 2026 in “Seven Editora eBooks” Testosterone creams and gels can be effective but have serious risks and should be used only with medical supervision.
1 citations
,
July 2015 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.
3 citations
,
October 2022 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Testosterone Replacement Therapy can improve sexual health in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on its long-term effects.
19 citations
,
December 2021 in “Endocrine Reviews” There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.
122 citations
,
November 2014 in “BMC Medicine” Oral testosterone therapy raises heart risk more than other methods.
75 citations
,
August 2006 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” The eucalyptus oil system improved skin delivery of hormones, but safety concerns remain.
April 2024 in “International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research” Natural permeation enhancers help emulgels deliver drugs through the skin more effectively.
March 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Menthol-based microemulsions improve skin delivery of finasteride and silodosin.
31 citations
,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
18 citations
,
March 2009 in “Medical Hypotheses” The document suggests that blocking sweat glands with antiperspirants might allow skin-generated hormones to be absorbed, possibly increasing breast and prostate cancer risk.
7 citations
,
April 2012 in “Clinical investigation” Transdermal testosterone can improve sexual desire in postmenopausal women but lacks long-term safety data and is not FDA-approved for this use.
151 citations
,
November 2018 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.
151 citations
,
July 2011 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Liposomal systems show promise for delivering drugs through the skin but face challenges like high costs and stability issues.
41 citations
,
August 2024 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” 3D-printed microneedles improve drug delivery by being precise, cost-effective, and less invasive.
39 citations
,
August 2017 in “Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces” 50-nm nanoparticles are better at penetrating skin and targeting hair follicles for drug delivery than 100-nm ones.
21 citations
,
April 2012 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” The gel with special fat-loaded particles from rice bran could be an effective skin treatment for hair loss.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Lipid nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin, offering stability, controlled release, and better compatibility with skin.
1 citations
,
November 2022 in “Pharmaceutical research” The simulation showed that hypobaric pressure improves drug delivery through the skin, but stretching alone doesn't fully explain the increase.
January 2025 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Research Science & Technology” Dissolving microneedles offer efficient, minimally invasive drug delivery through the skin.
34 citations
,
November 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A transwoman developed a brain tumor after nine years of hormone therapy, suggesting a possible link between the treatment and tumor development.
5 citations
,
August 2025 in “Drug Delivery and Translational Research” Lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles show promise for skin treatments but need better formulation strategies.