November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 13-year-old girl's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a rare adrenal tumor that produced male hormones.
April 2018 in “Gynäkologische Endokrinologie” Testosterone in older women can increase bone density, muscle mass, fat mass, improve memory, and boost libido, but may cause nipple color changes.
10 citations
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April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
June 2023 in “Sri Lanka Journal of Menopause”
1 citations
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February 2017 in “Journal of Aesthetic Nursing” Men are getting more beard transplants to look better and follow fashion trends.
August 2025 in “Journal of Affective Disorders” Gender-diverse people face more depression and anxiety, partly due to stress and lower cortisol levels.
89 citations
,
August 2013 in “PloS one” Androgen receptors are active in many tissues of both male and female mice, not just reproductive organs.
9 citations
,
November 2013 in “Presse Medicale” The document concludes that managing female hyperandrogenism requires a combination of identifying the cause, lifestyle changes, medication, and cosmetic treatments.
9 citations
,
May 2014 in “BMC medical genetics” A woman with a unique syndrome similar to TRPS has a genetic change near the TRPS1 gene, affecting its regulation.
1 citations
,
September 1981 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats virilized women, especially under 35, despite some side effects.
3 citations
,
January 1999 in “Hair transplant forum international” Hair transplant surgery can effectively treat hair loss in women.
41 citations
,
November 2003 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Male hormones, or androgens, affect women's health in areas like mood and bone density, and hormone replacement therapy using antiandrogenic progestogens can improve mood disorders and alertness in menopausal women.
November 2017 in “JAMA internal medicine” Women also use 5α-reductase inhibitors, and their effects differ from men.
9 citations
,
January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.
17 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American Journal of Medicine” The document concludes that proper diagnosis and tailored long-term treatment can effectively manage androgenic disorders in women, improving patient care outcomes.
28 citations
,
October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone replacement may help post-menopausal women with androgen insufficiency, but more research is needed on its benefits and risks.
January 2024 in “JMIR Dermatology” Few dermatology programs mention gender-affirming care, highlighting a need for better training and visibility.
January 2024 in “Journal of surgical case reports” Removing an adrenal tumor can significantly reduce high androgen levels in postmenopausal women.
November 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Testosterone undecanoate caused hair loss; finasteride improved it but caused stomach issues for one patient.
31 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone play a role in women's health issues like excess hair and baldness, and treatments blocking these hormones may help.
15 citations
,
March 2015 in “PloS one” Scientists restored fertility in male mice lacking a key fertility gene by using a modified gene.
174 citations
,
July 2003 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Five new mutations in the androgen receptor gene were found, helping to understand androgen insensitivity syndrome better.
6 citations
,
March 2021 in “Frontiers in surgery” A woman's symptoms of increased body hair and testosterone were caused by a rare adrenal tumor, which was removed successfully.
October 2025 in “F1000Research” Postmenopausal women with excess male hormones may have ovarian tumors, and surgery usually cures them.
32 citations
,
February 2019 in “Journal of neurochemistry” Sex hormones affect brain injury differently in males and females.
February 2021 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” A postmenopausal woman's excessive hair growth and hair loss were due to a non-cancerous ovarian condition, treated successfully with surgery.
309 citations
,
June 2001 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause androgen insensitivity, leading to female traits in genetically male individuals.
Gender-diverse individuals face more depression and anxiety, possibly due to unique stress profiles.
13 citations
,
December 2018 in “Development, Growth & Differentiation” Sex hormones, especially estradiol, can change chicken feather shapes and colors.