20 citations
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August 2014 in “Therapeutic delivery” The transfollicular route shows promise for noninvasive, targeted drug delivery but needs more research.
82 citations
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January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Hair follicles and glands significantly increase steroid absorption in skin.
29 citations
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June 2014 in “Drug delivery” The new formulation improved the skin absorption of the drug Thiocolchicoside.
19 citations
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January 2000 in “Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Diclofenac salt delivery through skin varies based on the salt's counterions.
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August 2014 in “Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces” Lipid-coated silica nanoparticles penetrate human skin more deeply than bare silica nanoparticles.
August 2018 in “Jundishapur journal of natural pharmaceutical products” Transfollicular drug delivery can improve medication absorption through hair follicles.
38 citations
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March 2015 in “Journal of controlled release” IMSG nanoparticles improve vaccine delivery and immune response through hair follicles.
82 citations
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January 2002 in “Journal of drug targeting” Drugs penetrate scalp skin better than abdominal skin, with scalp hair follicles aiding in higher drug delivery.
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July 2021 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Nanoparticles sized between 470 and 750 nm are best for delivering substances like caffeine into hair follicles for absorption.
6 citations
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December 2015 in “International journal of nanomedicine” Using sonophoresis can make it harder for certain drug-loaded liposomes to get through the skin.
18 citations
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August 2019 in “Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy” Quercetin-loaded nanoparticles can penetrate skin, minimize hair loss, and promote hair regrowth, showing slightly better results than a marketed product.
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April 2016 in “Research and reports in transdermal drug delivery” Transfollicular drug delivery is promising but needs more research to improve and understand it better.
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April 2012 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” The gel with special fat-loaded particles from rice bran could be an effective skin treatment for hair loss.
141 citations
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November 2005 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Hair follicles may soon be used more for targeted and systemic drug delivery.
February 2024 in “Pharmaceutical research” Hair follicles affect how well small molecules can pass through the skin, and this varies depending on the molecule's features.
211 citations
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February 2009 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Hair follicles help absorb and store topical compounds, aiding targeted drug delivery.
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April 2007 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Microparticles containing artocarpin extract could effectively treat hair loss and acne with minimal side effects.
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October 2020 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Caffeine penetrates skin quickly through open hair follicles, but less through closed ones, with levels becoming equal after 22 hours.
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June 2015 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” Microneedling helps increase the absorption of a melanin product into hair follicles, which may improve laser hair removal effectiveness.
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July 2023 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Adapalene microemulsions improve drug delivery through hair follicles, enhancing acne treatment.
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February 2022 in “Pharmaceuticals” Smaller curcumin nanocrystals penetrate skin and hair follicles better than larger ones.
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January 2018 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” Nanoemulsion creams with certain enhancers can greatly increase caffeine delivery through skin.
161 citations
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April 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Liposomes with certain properties can effectively deliver drugs deep into hair follicles.
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August 2024 in “Polymers” The P25H5-O microneedles effectively deliver substances through hair follicles and are safe for skin cells.
September 2025 in “Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics” Targeting hair follicles can effectively promote hair growth and treat hair disorders.
316 citations
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June 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Microspheres about 1.5 micrometers in size can best penetrate hair follicles, potentially reaching important stem cells.
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December 2021 in “Pharmaceutics” Finasteride-loaded proniosomes effectively promote hair growth in mice.
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July 2005 in “Drugs and the pharmaceutical sciences” Targeting drugs to hair follicles can treat skin conditions, but reaching deep follicle areas is hard and needs more research.
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June 2012 The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.
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October 2012 in “InTech eBooks” Nanocarriers could improve how drugs are delivered through the skin but require more research to overcome challenges and ensure safety.