166 citations
,
October 2018 in “Endocrine Reviews” Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.
475 citations
,
January 2016 in “International Review of Psychiatry” The document concludes that non-binary individuals need compassionate support and recognition in healthcare, without being pathologized.
125 citations
,
August 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.
23 citations
,
March 2019 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open” BMI is not a significant predictor of complications after gender-affirming penile inversion vaginoplasty.
53 citations
,
September 1999 in “The journal of cell biology/The Journal of cell biology” K16 can partially replace K14 but causes hair loss and skin issues.
10 citations
,
August 2020 in “International Journal of Andrology” 5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.
1 citations
,
April 2024 in “Archives of disease in childhood” Many children and teens referred to gender services receive hormone treatments, but more research is needed on their long-term care and outcomes.
19 citations
,
February 2012 in “International Journal of Urology” In Japan, sex reassignment surgery for gender identity disorder faces challenges and needs better medical support and education.
32 citations
,
July 2017 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Finasteride effectively treats hair loss in transgender men with few side effects.
19 citations
,
October 2017 in “The FASEB Journal” Male hormones cause different growth in identical human hair follicles due to their unique epigenetic characteristics.
A hair transplant using hair from the back of the head and pubic area was successful in creating a feminine hairline for a male-to-female transgender person.
3 citations
,
March 2022 in “Transgender Health” More research is needed to improve lower body gender affirmation techniques.
31 citations
,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
9 citations
,
May 2024 in “Journal of Clinical & Translational Endocrinology” Gender affirming hormone therapy improves outcomes in gender affirmation surgery.
8 citations
,
April 2022 in “Trends in cancer” Hormone therapy affects cancer risks in transgender individuals differently than in cisgender people, and more research is needed to understand these risks and improve cancer screening guidelines.
5 citations
,
January 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Doctors are preparing to potentially perform uterus transplants in transgender women, considering technical, hormonal, and ethical factors.
January 2025 in “HORMONES” Gender-affirming hormone treatments need better patient-focused outcome measurements and standardized data collection.
September 2021 in “Physiology News” The document concludes that more inclusive research involving the transgender community is needed, especially on the neovaginal microbiome of trans women.
September 2023 in “medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Long-COVID has diverse, long-term health impacts, especially in young people.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Care for gender-dysphoric Veterans can be improved with a consistent, team-based approach.
March 2025 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Dermatologists should guide transgender patients on effective hair growth and loss treatments during hormone therapy.
1 citations
,
November 2023 in “Medicina” Hormone therapy improves mental well-being in transgender individuals but requires ongoing health monitoring.
September 2025 in “Journal of Medical Case Reports” Finasteride is safe and effective for hair loss in transgender men, but may affect testosterone therapy.
1 citations
,
October 2025 in “Biology of Sex Differences” Gender and social factors, not just biology, affect COVID-19 death rates.
8 citations
,
November 2023 in “Social Science & Medicine” Gendered social factors, not just biology, contribute to sex differences in adverse drug events.
33 citations
,
May 2016 in “Translational andrology and urology” Laser hair removal before genital surgery can prevent complications and improve patient satisfaction.
6 citations
,
November 2022 in “Development” New research shows that skin diversity is influenced by different types of dermal fibroblasts and their development, especially involving the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
4 citations
,
July 2012 in “Genesis” The Megsin-Cre transgene is a new tool for genetic manipulation in the skin and upper digestive tract.
September 2024 in “Cutis” Dermatology residency programs need better DEI training to improve care for diverse patients.
39 citations
,
October 2018 in “Aesthetic surgery journal” Injectables can feminize or masculinize a transgender person's face, but more research is needed for best practices.