The document recommends a multidisciplinary approach and experience sharing to advance facial feminization surgery as a medical field.
February 2024 in “Hormones” Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.
71 citations
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August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
11 citations
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May 2022 in “World Journal of Biological Chemistry” Progesterone may help trans women with breast development and health, but more research is needed.
23 citations
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January 2016 in “Transgender health” Hormone therapy with estradiol and spironolactone can regrow scalp hair in transgender women by lowering testosterone to female levels.
July 2024 in “Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal” Hormonal therapy for transgender individuals carries health risks but is a personal choice.
21 citations
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April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Transgender patients need proper skin care, especially when undergoing hormone treatments, to manage issues like acne and hair loss.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
50 citations
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May 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Non-binary transgender individuals need personalized hormonal treatments for better well-being and quality of life.
January 2014 in “Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)” 9 citations
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July 2024 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves mental health and gender incongruence but requires careful management of cardiovascular and cancer risks.
The case showed the need for quick investigation of virilization in women and how emotional health is linked to physical health.
5 citations
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September 2022 in “Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine” Facial feminization surgery helps make facial features more feminine, improving patient satisfaction and safety.
14 citations
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March 2019 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Hair transplantation can help transgender patients affirm their gender identity.
November 2025 in “Emergency Medicine News” Use correct terms and show sensitivity to improve transgender care in emergency departments.
October 2022 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” GnRH-a or orchiectomy is more effective than anti-androgens for managing hormone levels in transgender women.
July 2024 in “JPRAS Open” Lip feminization is important for transgender women, requiring personalized approaches and expert consultation for best results.
83 citations
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August 2018 in “BJOG” Uterine transplants for transgender women are feasible but need more research.
1 citations
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July 2001 in “Pediatrics in review” The girl has a hormonal imbalance causing increased hair growth and other male characteristics.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects metabolism differently based on treatment type.
11 citations
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November 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Hormonal treatments can change hair and skin in transgender people, but may not fully achieve desired results.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
19 citations
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April 2019 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” Transmasculine individuals on testosterone therapy need tailored contraception and fertility advice due to unique risks and benefits of each contraceptive method.
4 citations
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January 2022 in “Journal of Menopausal Medicine” Gender-affirming hormone therapy in South Korea aligns with international guidelines and has specific side effects.
10 citations
,
November 2000 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” Secondary aesthetic surgeries for gender reassignment are generally satisfying and advance overall aesthetic surgery techniques, but psychological support is important.
1 citations
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November 2023 in “American journal of clinical pathology” Transgender men on testosterone therapy need ongoing gynecologic care due to potential cancer risks.
January 2024 in “Surgical & Cosmetic Dermatology” Hair transplants can help transgender individuals match their appearance with their gender identity.
7 citations
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May 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Transgender and nonbinary individuals experience hair loss, with transmen on testosterone seeing more severe hair loss, while feminizing hormones may stabilize hair loss in transwomen.
January 2024 in “Medicina” Proper planning and technique in upper-face feminization surgery are crucial to avoid complications and revisions.
October 2025 in “Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)” Hormone therapies improve mental health and quality of life for those with gender dysphoria.