September 2025 in “Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise” Gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery affect gut bacteria differently.
January 2024 in “JEADV clinical practice” Gender-affirming dermatology treatments generally improve mental well-being for transgender individuals, but more research is needed.
15 citations
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September 2021 in “Archives of Plastic Surgery” The document concludes that facial feminization surgery improves psychological well-being and social acceptance for transgender individuals.
3 citations
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October 2022 in “International Journal of Impotence Research” Testosterone Replacement Therapy can improve sexual health in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on its long-term effects.
1 citations
,
October 2021 in “LGBT health” The review discusses how facial masculinization surgeries are done and their costs.
1 citations
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September 2023 in “International Journal of Women’s Dermatology” Dermatologists are crucial in providing personalized care for patients with sex development differences.
Bicalutamide does not significantly affect liver enzymes and is a safe anti-androgen option for transfeminine individuals.
1 citations
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October 2022 in “Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics” Gender-affirming therapy can cause skin issues like acne and hair loss in transgender adolescents, and more research is needed on its dermatological effects.
February 2026 in “eYLS (Yale Law School)” Denying transgender minors gender-affirming care, while allowing it for cisgender minors, is sex discrimination.
9 citations
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April 2021 in “Annals of Translational Medicine” Facial contouring is crucial for the satisfaction and well-being of Chinese transgender females.
3 citations
,
March 2022 in “Transgender Health” More research is needed to improve lower body gender affirmation techniques.
54 citations
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April 2010 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.
4 citations
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January 2021 in “JAMA Dermatology” Improved access to hair removal is crucial for transgender individuals before feminizing surgeries.
March 2016 in “The Journal of Urology” The discovery of 5α-reductase deficiency in guevedoces led to the development of important urologic medications.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
4 citations
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August 2021 in “Pediatrics in review” DSDs are birth conditions causing unusual sex development, managed with personalized care and sometimes surgery, but still lack a standard treatment approach.
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects and is more effective with added estrogens.
36 citations
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January 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone may help increase sexual events for women with low libido due to antidepressants.
30 citations
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April 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire if monitored carefully.
31 citations
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September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
46 citations
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December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.
February 2024 in “Hormones” Future hormone therapy trials should match the diverse needs and priorities of the gender-diverse community.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” 5α-reductase-2 deficiency causes ambiguous genitalia at birth and affects male sexual development, but individuals often develop male characteristics at puberty.
17 citations
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February 2018 in “British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery” Forehead reduction and orbital contouring are important for satisfactory facial feminization in transgender females, with high satisfaction and low long-term problems.
1 citations
,
June 2024 in “Revista Colombiana de Endocrinología Diabetes & Metabolismo” The risks of testosterone implants in women outweigh the benefits.
98 citations
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July 1983 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Individuals with this condition often develop male traits and identities at puberty despite being raised as females.
3 citations
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November 2019 in “Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies” A 20-year-old woman with a rare form of Turner syndrome showed improvement with hormonal therapy and needs comprehensive care.
August 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Oral minoxidil can effectively treat hair loss in transgender and gender-diverse individuals.
June 2022 in “European Psychiatry” Eating disorders in gender dysphoria patients may be a coping mechanism for body image issues.
1 citations
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March 2005 in “Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie” A postmenopausal woman had high testosterone from her right adrenal gland, leading to recommended surgery.