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June 2014 in “[Thesis]. Manchester, UK: The University of Manchester; 2014.” Chemical modifications can alter hair's stability and flexibility, with hydrophobic interactions helping maintain structure in humid conditions.
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September 2011 in “Stem Cell Reviews and Reports”
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January 2014 in “Dermatology Research and Practice” Trichoscopy can effectively tell apart tinea capitis and alopecia areata in children by looking for specific hair shapes.
December 2025 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” Keratin 19 may help diagnose and treat certain types of permanent hair loss.
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November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
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March 2014 in “Applied Microscopy” CK19 and Vimentin are proteins found in rat skin that help with skin renewal and maintaining cell structure.
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November 1999 in “PubMed” Monilethrix is a rare hair disorder causing beaded, fragile hair, often improving on its own over time.
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January 2004 in “European Journal of Cell Biology” Balanced protease activity is crucial for healthy skin and hair development.
July 2021 in “Indian journal of dermatopathology and diagnostic dermatology” Trichoscopy is a reliable method for diagnosing hair and scalp disorders quickly and non-invasively.
November 2019 in “Harper's Textbook of Pediatric Dermatology” Mutations in keratin genes cause skin, hair, and nail disorders, with future treatments possible.
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April 1997 in “Developmental Dynamics” Trypsin slows hair growth and affects color by causing cell death in hair follicles.
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May 2011 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Corneodesmosin is crucial for skin and hair health, and its dysfunction can cause skin and hair disorders.
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January 1994 in “Micron” Mature hair surfaces are formed by keratinized cells with developed layers, not just modified plasma membranes.
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December 2010 in “The Journal of Dermatology” The conclusion is that an algorithm using trichoscopy helps diagnose different types of hair loss but may need updates and a biopsy if results are unclear.
April 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A specific mutation in the TRPV3 gene causes hair follicle cells to develop improperly, leading to hair loss.
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January 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Transglutaminase activity is important for skin and is found in both mammals and birds.
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July 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology” The substance from human hair root cells can help maintain hair growth and make skin cells more capable of growing hair.
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November 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The study found markers indicating that cells responsible for hair color are differentiating in specific areas of the hair follicle.
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October 2008 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mutations in the ST14 gene cause skin and hair issues by disrupting important protein processing.
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January 2022 in “Anais brasileiros de dermatologia/Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Reflectance confocal microscopy may help diagnose trichofolliculoma by showing specific skin features.
November 2024 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” Abnormal gene expression related to keratin causes hair loss in certain mice.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Stem cells can create hair follicles, potentially treating permanent hair loss, and healthy skin and hair depend on mitochondrial function and special fats.
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August 2017 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Trichoscopy helps quickly identify autoimmune diseases on the scalp but should be used with other standard tests.
April 2014 in “Jurnal Biomedik : JBM” An 8-year-old girl had nail and hair issues that improved without specific treatment, but fungal nail infection was hard to cure.
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November 1997 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Trichothiodystrophy can be linked to urologic issues and high calcium in urine.
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November 2017 in “Skin appendage disorders” Ingrown hairs are a common feature in scarring alopecias due to follicular damage.
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August 1992 in “Archives of dermatological research” Lab-grown nail cells show characteristics similar to natural nail and hair.