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August 1998 in “FEBS Letters” Two new enzymes, PAD-R11 and PAD-R4, were cloned and showed activity, with PAD-R11 resembling epidermal enzymes.
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September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Male pattern baldness affects 38.52% of Asian men in Bangkok, increasing with age and influenced by genes and environment.
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January 2009 in “International Journal of Trichology” 58% of men aged 30-50 have hair loss, with severity increasing with age.
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December 2003 in “American Journal of Pathology” Fetal wound healing changes with development, affecting inflammation and collagen, which may influence scarring.
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January 2003 in “Lasers in Surgery and Medicine” Cold air and a chilled sapphire window both protect the skin during laser treatments, and work better with water or gel, especially for darker skin.
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May 1998 in “Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery” Acne is caused by increased sebum, abnormal skin shedding, bacteria, and inflammation, not dirt; treatments vary from creams to antibiotics or isotretinoin, with severe cases needing a dermatologist's care.
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May 2023 in “PLoS ONE” The professional laser is more effective than the home-use laser for hair reduction.
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August 1999 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Laser hair removal is safe with the right settings, but side effects like pain and skin changes are more common in darker or tanned skin.
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March 2019 in “Circulation research” Adult stem cells are effective and ethically acceptable for treating various diseases.
August 2019 in “Journal of Dermatology” Woman with diabetes had hair loss due to rare ovarian tumor; surgery improved hair growth.
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April 1999 in “Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs” Finasteride effectively treats male hair loss, improving growth and density.
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April 2018 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.
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September 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme 17β-HSD type 2 mainly performs oxidation in human sebaceous glands, which may help protect against acne.
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June 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Men with baldness have higher levels of specific proteins, suggesting local hormone production may play a role in hair loss.
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September 2009 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation” Low dose finasteride decreases certain steroids, possibly increasing depression risk.
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March 2018 in “Human Reproduction Update” Women with PCOS are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, especially if they are Asian or obese.
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September 1992 in “Endocrinology” The human type II 5α-reductase gene, linked to certain male health conditions, has a specific structure and low similarity to other related genes.
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June 2002 in “Diabetologia” Parents of women with PCOS have a higher risk of Type II diabetes and insulin resistance, especially fathers.
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February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with type 1 diabetes often have polycystic ovary syndrome and excess male hormones, which are frequently undiagnosed.
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September 1992 in “Endocrinology” The human type II 5α-reductase gene has a specific structure important for understanding certain medical conditions.
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October 1998 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” The 190-kbp domain contains all human type I hair keratin genes, showing their organization and evolution.
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October 1999 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Finasteride effectively treats male pattern hair loss with a 1 mg daily dose.
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August 2010 in “Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation” Type 3 5α-reductase is more common and finasteride and dutasteride strongly inhibit it.
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December 2011 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Keratin 17 is modified by RSK1 in response to growth and stress, affecting skin growth and stress response.
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April 2019 in “BMJ. British medical journal” Men taking dutasteride or finasteride have a slightly higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
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November 2014 in “Current Diabetes Reports” Girls with PCOS during adolescence have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes, and early treatment can help manage this risk.
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August 2022 in “Lupus Science & Medicine” SLE patients experience two patterns of non-inflammatory symptoms: intermittent and persistent.
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August 2016 in “Medical Hypotheses” Hair characteristics might be early signs of Type 2 Diabetes and could help with early prevention.
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August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” MK-386 and finasteride together effectively reduce DHT levels, potentially treating acne and male pattern baldness.