12 citations
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March 2000 in “Clinical Chemistry” Chronic DHEA supplementation slightly increases testosterone in hair but stays within safe limits.
103 citations
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June 2006 in “British journal of sports medicine” The document concludes that better biomarkers are needed to detect long-term oral testosterone use in athletes.
59 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Epitestosterone may counteract testosterone's effects and has roles in body processes like prostate growth and hair distribution.
21 citations
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November 2010 in “Talanta” Researchers developed a reliable method to measure testosterone and epitestosterone in urine for medical and anti-doping use.
47 citations
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January 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” High testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in hair could predict male-pattern baldness.
39 citations
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April 2007 in “Therapeutic Drug Monitoring” Finasteride affects urinary steroid profiles and can potentially hide steroid abuse in sports drug testing.
2 citations
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December 2020 in “Phytomedicine plus” Taking Saw palmetto and Pygeum africana can change the levels of certain steroids in urine, which could cause confusion in doping tests.
12 citations
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December 2017 in “Scientific reports” The new test can measure very small amounts of testosterone in hair, and grinding the hair up first gives more accurate results.
8 citations
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March 2020 in “Metabolites” Finasteride treatment changes urine metabolomics and steroid signatures, potentially monitoring effectiveness but may cause sexual side effects.
69 citations
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February 1983 in “Gut” Men with coeliac disease may have hormone imbalances that could affect sexual function, but these can improve with better gut health.
20 citations
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January 2012 in “Journal of Steroids & Hormonal Science” The document concludes that there are still unknowns about the effectiveness, risks, and detection of performance-enhancing drugs, and doping remains a challenge.
5 citations
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January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
April 2016 in “Annals of laboratory medicine” The method reliably profiles eicosanoids and shows epitestosterone reduces their levels, similar to common anti-inflammatory drugs.
10 citations
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January 2019 in “Journal of Chromatography B” Researchers developed a reliable way to measure hormones in urine, showing that a baldness treatment doesn't change hormone levels.
8 citations
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June 2016 in “Clinical Chemistry” PSA levels could help detect illegal steroid use in female athletes but face challenges like cost and PCOS prevalence.
January 2017 in “Qucosa (Saxon State and University Library Dresden)” Plasma protein binding significantly affects glucocorticosteroid concentration in blood, saliva, and hair.
50 citations
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February 2013 in “Annals of Clinical Biochemistry” Understanding how DHT works is important for diagnosing and treating hormone-related disorders.
28 citations
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July 2017 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Early onset baldness in men may indicate a condition similar to PCOS, linked to heart disease, diabetes, and prostate issues.
53 citations
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October 1984 in “Endocrine reviews” Excessive hair growth in women often has no known cause and is not linked to race or other hormonal symptoms.
10 citations
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May 2010 in “Analytica Chimica Acta” New tests detect finasteride and dutasteride in urine quickly and easily.
2 citations
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May 2021 in “Molecules” A new method was created to analyze certain chemicals in the urine of alopecia areata patients, revealing they have higher metanephrine content. This method can also be used for other related diseases.
27 citations
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January 1984 in “Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.
441 citations
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May 2008 in “British Journal of Pharmacology” Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.
49 citations
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December 2017 in “Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis” The method effectively detects banned substances in urine for sports antidoping.
50 citations
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March 2017 in “PeerJ” Using finasteride or dutasteride may cause long-lasting erectile dysfunction.
Wildebeest stress and hormone levels are influenced by food availability, human presence, and reproductive cycles.
26 citations
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February 2009 in “Drug Development Research” 17α-estradiol is a safe estrogen that might protect the brain and doesn't cause feminization, needing more research for treating brain diseases.
131 citations
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September 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” The document concludes that blocking the internal pathways that create androgens might help treat cancers that depend on sex hormones.
January 2020 in “International Journal of Applied Biology and P” Finasteride treatment for three years changes certain polyamine levels in the blood but not in urine.
November 2025 in “Molecules” Microextraction techniques improve hormone testing while being environmentally friendly.