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The review highlights the need for more research on transgender dermatology, the role of dermatologists in gender affirmation, and the effects of hormone therapy on skin and hair.

Ovarian tumors should be considered when postmenopausal women show signs of virilization.

Alopecia areata patients have more Propionibacterium acnes and less Staphylococcus epidermidis on their scalps.

Depression is more common in infertile women with PCOS than those without.

A fungal infection was successfully treated with oral and topical antifungals after being misdiagnosed and worsened by corticosteroids.

Secondary amenorrhea has many causes and requires thorough evaluation to treat and restore menstrual cycles.

Certain fungi and bacteria help orchid seeds germinate and plants grow better.

An 80-year-old man's deep beard infection was cured with oral terbinafine after identifying the fungus Trichophyton verrucosum.

Women with excessive body hair often have higher male hormones and related health issues.

BMI is not a significant predictor of complications after gender-affirming penile inversion vaginoplasty.

There may be a link between Helicobacter pylori infection and the skin condition pityriasis versicolor.

Men are more likely to have severe respiratory viral infections like COVID-19 due to hormonal and genetic differences, while women generally have stronger immune responses.

Skin issues might be linked to infertility.

A 13-year-old with 46 XY DSD had ambiguous genitalia due to incomplete masculinization.

Women with PCOS, especially those overweight, have higher levels of IL-18 in their endometrium, which may affect fertility.

FMT for ulcerative colitis may also help with weight loss, hair loss, arthritis, and allergies.

A postmenopausal woman's increased male hormone levels were successfully treated with surgery.

Flaxseed crackers can help reduce symptoms of PCOS in young women.

Malassezia infection may cause refractory acne, and antifungal treatments can help.

Sensitive scalp has higher pH, more redness, abnormal sebum, and altered bacterial makeup.

An adult had a rare scalp infection in the forehead area, treated successfully with itraconazole.

Estrogen and prolactin may play bigger roles in female hair loss than previously thought.

Kerion barbae should be considered in beard infections to avoid misdiagnosis and complications.

Hair follicles in the nose may need better cleaning to prevent Staphylococcus aureus infections.

Androgens like testosterone make Staphylococcus aureus skin infections more common in men.

Women with early onset androgenetic alopecia have worse lipid profiles.

Most women referred for excess male hormone symptoms had polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with other conditions being less common.

Transgender patients on hormone therapy experience more acne and hair loss, but less skin inflammation.