April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 14-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with Swyer Syndrome and treated for a related cancer risk.
70 citations
,
April 2014 in “Annales d'endocrinologie” New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.
12 citations
,
January 2016 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” Testosterone therapy improved physical and social health in a male with 49,XXXXY syndrome.
3 citations
,
June 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Doctors used a special blood sampling technique to diagnose a woman's rare ovarian tumor that was producing male hormones.
1 citations
,
August 2019 in “Journal of pediatric & adolescent gynecology” A new genetic change causing early stop in the androgen receptor gene was found in a patient with androgen insensitivity syndrome.
46 citations
,
October 2012 in “Seminars in reproductive medicine” Genetic defects in androgen production are linked to male developmental disorders and are improving treatment understanding.
January 2026 in “JCEM Case Reports” Genetics may play a significant role in gender dysphoria.
9 citations
,
August 1986 in “Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine” Familial sexual precocity in girls may be more common than previously thought.
1 citations
,
August 2015 in “AACE Clinical Case Reports” A new gene mutation causes complete androgen insensitivity in a 16-year-old with a female appearance.
1 citations
,
January 2021 in “Prague medical report” Men might have a version of the female disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, shown by changes in hormone levels and early baldness, but more research is needed to fully understand it.
January 2025 in “Case Reports in Genetics” A rare gene variant causes sexual development issues in siblings, needing personalized treatment.
September 2022 in “Annals of medicine and surgery” Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.
45 citations
,
April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” Male genital development is driven by androgen signaling and understanding it could help address congenital anomalies.
21 citations
,
December 2015 in “Development Growth & Differentiation” DHT is crucial for urethral formation, and its disruption can affect masculinization and lead to hypospadias.
September 1976 in “PubMed” Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth mainly caused by ovarian hormones, and severe cases may require costly treatment with side effects.
20 citations
,
January 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” A woman developed male traits from accidental contact with her husband's testosterone gel.
4 citations
,
August 2021 in “Pediatrics in review” DSDs are birth conditions causing unusual sex development, managed with personalized care and sometimes surgery, but still lack a standard treatment approach.
January 2021 in “Case Reports” A 71-year-old woman developed male-like features due to high testosterone levels caused by a benign ovarian tumor, which was successfully removed by surgery.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 31-year-old woman was diagnosed with Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome much later than usual, leading to a call for earlier detection and treatment guidelines.
A 10-year-old girl's symptoms improved after surgery to remove a benign adrenal tumor.
3 citations
,
March 1992 in “Journal of clinical pathology” Most women with excess hair growth need only a clinical evaluation and minimal tests unless they show signs of virilism.
October 1984 in “Kidney international” The patient had complex urinary tract issues and ambiguous genitalia, with physical features suggesting a hormonal imbalance.
25 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Mutations in the androgen receptor gene cause Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome, affecting sexual development.
1 citations
,
August 2022 in “Case Reports” A rare ovarian tumor caused high testosterone, hair loss, and missed periods, but surgery fixed these issues and led to pregnancy.
2 citations
,
October 1973 in “Archives of internal medicine” The document likely discusses how to tell the difference between excessive hair growth and the development of male characteristics in women.
January 2025 in “Haematology International Journal” These ovarian conditions cause high testosterone levels.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Rare ovarian tumors can cause hyperandrogenism, even if imaging appears normal.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A postmenopausal woman had rare symptoms due to a possible ovarian tumor, needing thorough evaluation.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's high testosterone and related symptoms were caused by overactive cells in her ovaries.