May 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Permanent waving damages hair protein and weakens hair, especially with repeated treatments using sodium thioglycolate.
November 2024 in “Biophysical Chemistry” Hair structure changes immediately during perm treatment, with initial damage partially restored later.
15 citations
,
January 2011 in “International journal of trichology” Using a hot iron on wet hair can cause dry, brittle hair with air bubbles inside.
July 2009 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Japanese women's curved hair has an uneven internal structure and varied amino acid composition.
45 citations
,
December 2006 in “Biopolymers” Permanent waving weakens hair by altering its protein structure.
16 citations
,
October 1992 in “Journal of cutaneous pathology” Bubble hair deformity may be caused by hair shaft trauma and can improve with gentle hair care.
13 citations
,
October 2008 in “PubMed” Japanese women's curved hair has an uneven internal structure and varying amino acid composition.
January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology” Two siblings have a rare genetic condition causing curly, coarse hair.
1 citations
,
May 1983 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” The hairpiece matted due to weathered hair after shampooing.
June 2014 in “Professional Beauty” December 1978 in “Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery” 18 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of medical genetics” New genes linked to woolly hair have been found, which could help treat it and change hair texture.
18 citations
,
April 2010 in “Langmuir” Human hair surface varies in wettability, showing daily and monthly patterns.
January 2009 in “Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakaishi/Journal of S C C./Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakai kaishi” Curved human hair has different structures on each side, which might cause its shape and is similar to wool.
85 citations
,
October 2007 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Curly hair shape is due to uneven growth patterns in the hair follicle.
January 2013 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Microfibrils are key for permanent waves, and hydrolyzed keratin improves wave formation and hair condition.
June 2008 in “Springer eBooks”
20 citations
,
July 1988 in “Clinics in dermatology” Thioglycolate lotions are the most popular method for permanent waving and hair straightening.
The new method can tell how hair fibers react to moisture after treatments.
18 citations
,
April 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Skin patterns are formed by simple reaction-diffusion mechanisms.
147 citations
,
September 2001 in “Computer graphics forum” The authors created a realistic and efficient method to simulate hair movement by combining fluid dynamics with individual hair strand behavior.
47 citations
,
November 2007 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” Healthy hair is shiny, smooth, and has clean ends.
3 citations
,
August 2008 in “PubMed” Repeated digital perming with sodium thioglycolate lotion significantly damages hair protein and structure.
March 2018 in “Journal of Experimental Biology” Hair curliness is caused by the arrangement and length of two different cell types.
65 citations
,
May 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Hair curliness is due to uneven distribution of different cortices within the hair fiber.
7 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology” A man with Woolly Hair Syndrome had very curly, fragile hair, and doctors used a special scalp examination to diagnose him without invasive tests.
February 2013 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Uncombable hair syndrome causes dry, frizzy hair that can't be combed flat, seen in a young child.
2 citations
,
March 2005 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Wigs are still a popular solution for hair loss to maintain a youthful look.
1 citations
,
April 2013 in “Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences” Hair coloring, waving, and ironing cause more hair damage than not using these treatments.
95 citations
,
January 2007 in “Human biology” Human hair can be classified into eight types based on physical features, not ethnicity.