150 citations
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August 1992 in “Genes & Development” TNF alpha in skin cells causes weight loss, hair and fat issues, and skin inflammation in mice.
January 2003 in “Journal of Clinical Dermatology” TNF-${\alpha}$ slows hair growth, and minoxidil doesn't help.
November 2025 in “Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences” Exosome therapy from treated stem cells may help reduce inflammation and promote hair regrowth in alopecia.
11 citations
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November 2015 in “Carcinogenesis” Deleting TNFα gene reduces skin cancer risk in certain mice.
July 2024 in “Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics” These gene variations are not linked to alopecia areata in Egyptians.