May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
11 citations
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January 2019 in “Sexual Medicine” Younger transgender women have surgery earlier, are mostly attracted to men, and show more preoperative depression that improves after surgery compared to older transgender women.
April 2024 in “Journal of endocrinological investigation” Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.
1 citations
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November 2023 in “American journal of clinical pathology” Transgender men on testosterone therapy need ongoing gynecologic care due to potential cancer risks.
32 citations
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September 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Hormone therapy for transgender females increases the risk of blood clots and requires careful dosing, monitoring, and lifelong management.