Adipose Tissue-Derived Therapies For Osteoarthritis: Multifaceted Mechanisms And Clinical Prospects

Adipose tissue-derived therapies, such as microfragmented adipose tissue (MFAT), stromal vascular fraction (SVF), and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), show promising potential for treating osteoarthritis (OA) by promoting cartilage repair, reducing inflammation, and improving joint function. Clinical studies have demonstrated significant improvements in pain and joint function, with some therapies showing sustained effects over long-term follow-ups. However, the effectiveness can vary based on factors like body mass index, and challenges remain, such as the lack of standardized preparation methods and potential safety concerns. Further research and large-scale clinical trials are needed to optimize the efficacy and safety of these therapies. Emerging technologies, such as 3D printing and bioscaffolds, are enhancing the potential of adipose-derived therapies, while non-cellular products like extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer additional therapeutic benefits.