Autonomous In Situ Biointerfacing Platform for Real-Time Electrophysiological Monitoring and Advanced Wound Management

The study presents the development of the TLMG hydrogel, a biointerface platform that forms in situ and adheres robustly to irregular skin wounds, offering enhanced mechanical properties and real-time signal monitoring for advanced wound management. By integrating tea polyphenols/lignin microspheres, the hydrogel combines bioelectronic and bioactive interfaces, achieving strong adhesion (200 kPa), high ionic conductivity (0.27 mS cm–1), and mechanical stability. Tested in complex animal models and human trials, the TLMG platform demonstrated intelligent wound management, dynamic signal monitoring, and improved wound healing through immunomodulatory mechanisms, highlighting its potential for wearable healthcare systems.