Azelaic Acid in Dermatology: A Review of Its Mechanism of Action

Azelaic acid (AzA) is a naturally occurring dicarboxylic acid with therapeutic potential in dermatology, initially recognized for its role in skin hypopigmentation and later used for hyperpigmentary disorders due to its ability to inhibit tyrosinase. Despite its demonstrated benefits in various skin conditions, the complete mechanisms of AzA's action remain unclear, posing a limitation to optimizing its clinical applications and discovering new therapeutic uses. A thorough understanding of its molecular and cellular pathways is crucial for evidence-based application and to inspire further research into its broader potential in dermatology.