From Nutrition to Innovation: Biomedical Applications of Egg Components

This review highlights the diverse biomedical applications of egg components, emphasizing their potential due to properties like biocompatibility and biodegradability. Eggshells are used in bone tissue engineering and osteoporosis treatment, while eggshell membranes aid in wound healing due to their antimicrobial properties. Egg whites are valuable in drug delivery and tissue engineering, and egg yolks, rich in lipids and IgY antibodies, support wound healing and bone tissue engineering. The paper discusses the advantages and limitations of these components, suggesting future directions for developing egg-based biomaterials in biomedical engineering, including 3D tissue models and drug-delivery systems. Challenges such as standardizing processing protocols and addressing immunogenicity are noted, with ongoing research aiming to expand the clinical and commercial use of egg-based biomaterials.