Catharanthus Roseus: A Multipurpose Plant with Morphology and Dosage Form

Catharanthus roseus, commonly known as Madagascar periwinkle, is a medicinal plant of significant therapeutic importance due to its production of valuable alkaloids like vincristine and vinblastine, which are extensively used in cancer chemotherapy. Traditionally, it has been used to treat diabetes, hypertension, and microbial infections, and it exhibits anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. The plant is characterized by glossy green leaves, pink or white flowers, and slender stems, and its active constituents have been developed into various dosage forms, including extracts, tablets, and injectable formulations. However, C. roseus may cause side effects such as nausea, hair loss, and myelosuppression, particularly when used in high doses or for prolonged periods, highlighting its critical role in both traditional and modern medicine.