Quantifying Extracellular Vesicle Heterogeneity: The Effect of Process Conditions on Protein Cargo for Skin Therapy

This review analyzes the heterogeneity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their protein cargo in skin therapy, based on 52 proteomic studies. It reveals significant variability, with 40% of the 13,000 proteins identified appearing in only one study. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived EVs are noted for their enriched protein content related to wound healing and skin therapy, making them promising for therapeutic applications. The study emphasizes the need for standardized methodologies to improve reproducibility and comparability in EV research, as current variability poses challenges for their commercial use.