Hair Loss Associated With Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use: A Systematic Review

This systematic review analyzed five studies involving 2,905 adult patients to investigate the association between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and hair loss. The results were conflicting, with some studies reporting hair regrowth and improvement, while others noted hair loss as an adverse effect, particularly with semaglutide and tirzepatide. The review suggests a potential mechanism involving GLP-1 receptors around hair follicles and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, but also considers rapid weight loss and nutritional deficiencies as contributing factors. It emphasizes the need for further research due to the inconsistent findings and suggests healthcare professionals document hair loss incidents to enhance patient compliance. Limitations include a small number of studies and gender bias, highlighting the need for larger, more comprehensive studies.