Intrinsic Modulators of Hair Growth: Roles of Growth Factors, Cytokines, Chemokines, and Interferons

The review examines the roles of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and interferons in regulating hair growth, identifying key stimulators like hepatocyte growth factor, insulin-like growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor, while noting inhibitors such as transforming growth factor-beta and interferon-gamma. It highlights the complexity of hair loss disorders, including alopecia areata and androgenic alopecia, and explores potential treatments like JAK inhibitors, stem cell-based therapies, and platelet-rich plasma therapy. Despite the predominance of animal studies, the review underscores the importance of these biological factors in developing new hair restoration strategies.