Role of Neurogenic Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Alopecia Areata

April 2024 in “ The Journal of Dermatology ”

Yetan Shi, Sheng Wan, Xiuzu Song

alopecia areata neurogenic inflammation immune-privileged regions hair follicles neuropeptides mast cells apoptosis keratinocytes

TLDR Neurogenic inflammation may play a role in hair loss in alopecia areata.

This review discusses the role of neurogenic inflammation in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata, an autoimmune condition characterized by persistent inflammation and disruption of immune-privileged regions within hair follicles. Recent studies suggest that neuropeptides contribute to hair follicle damage by inducing neurogenic inflammation, activating mast cells around the follicles, and promoting apoptosis in keratinocytes. The exact mechanisms remain unclear, but there is growing interest in the interaction between the nervous and immune systems in immune diseases. Neurogenic inflammation from neuroimmune disorders may alter the inflammatory microenvironment of hair follicles, significantly impacting the progression of alopecia areata. Further research is needed to fully understand these processes.

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