A Comprehensive Review On Alopecia: Mechanisms, Classification, And Therapeutic Strategies

Alopecia is a complex disorder influenced by hormonal, genetic, immunological, and environmental factors, leading to disrupted hair follicle cycling. The review discusses the molecular mechanisms involved, such as androgen-mediated follicular miniaturization and immune dysregulation, and highlights the roles of epigenetic changes and microbiome imbalances. Current treatments mainly offer symptomatic relief with limited long-term efficacy. However, advancements in regenerative medicine, targeted therapies, and innovative drug delivery systems show promise in addressing underlying mechanisms. The review emphasizes the potential of natural compounds and polyherbal formulations and advocates for multi-dimensional, mechanism-based approaches for more effective alopecia management.