RNA Coding and Transcriptional Regulation in Skin Repair: Insights from Single-Cell Profiling and Implications for Organoid-Based Regenerative Strategies

This review discusses the challenges of skin repair, which often results in fibrotic scarring rather than true regeneration, leading to loss of function and structure. Advances in transcriptomic profiling have revealed complex gene-regulatory programs that influence healing outcomes, highlighting the roles of keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and immune cells. RNA-mediated networks, including miRNAs and lncRNAs, are crucial in processes like epithelial migration and inflammation resolution, with their dysregulation leading to scarring. Stem cell-derived skin organoids and engineered skin models offer promising experimental platforms for regenerative strategies. The review integrates findings from human and murine studies to propose a framework for regenerative skin repair, emphasizing the need for further research before clinical application.