Study on the Regulatory Effect of Panax Notoginseng Saponins Combined with Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation on IRAK1/TRAF6-NF-κB Pathway in Patients with Diabetic Cutaneous Ulcers

This study investigated the effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) combined with bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on diabetic cutaneous ulcers (DCU) using 75 SD rats. The combination treatment significantly improved wound healing, promoted new epidermis formation, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration. It up-regulated miR-146-5p and down-regulated inflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IRAK1, TRAF6, and p65 in the NF-κB signaling pathway. The findings suggested that PNS combined with BMSCs could inhibit NF-κB pathway activation, reduce inflammation, and enhance skin healing in DCU, offering a novel therapeutic option for diabetic foot ulcers.