23 citations
,
September 2015 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Activating ER-β, not ER-α, improves skin cell growth and wound healing.
October 1995 in “Pediatric Research” Ovulation inhibitors effectively treat menstrual issues and improve fertility but can have side effects.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Rapid virilization should be checked for possible ovarian or adrenal cancer.
9 citations
,
April 2021 in “Climacteric” Testosterone therapy is effective and safe for women with low sexual desire, but it's hard to access.
5 citations
,
December 2004 in “Dermatology” Two women with very high androgen levels had only slight skin issues, one due to a non-classical adrenal disorder and the other due to an adrenal tumor.
45 citations
,
September 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme 17β-HSD type 2 mainly performs oxidation in human sebaceous glands, which may help protect against acne.
138 citations
,
April 2003 in “Carcinogenesis” 2-Methoxyestradiol causes cancer cell death by activating specific pathways, but androgens can block this effect.
6 citations
,
November 1997 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Women with acne and irregular periods had higher active testosterone levels, which could suggest the usefulness of antiandrogen treatment.
13 citations
,
August 1997 in “Steroids” Finasteride effectively lowers specific hormone levels, helping monitor treatment progress.
January 2004 in “Pharmaceutical biotechnology” Finasteride effectively inhibits the enzyme steroid 5 alpha-reductase II.
122 citations
,
November 2014 in “BMC Medicine” Oral testosterone therapy raises heart risk more than other methods.
20 citations
,
December 1994 in “Fertility and sterility” Flutamide combined with a low-dose birth control pill effectively reduces excessive hair growth in women with polycystic ovarian disease.
8 citations
,
January 1986 in “Journal of hepatology” Men with liver cancer have higher levels of a specific testosterone byproduct in their liver and blood, despite overall lower male hormone levels.
19 citations
,
August 1999 in “European journal of endocrinology” The study concluded that testing hormone levels after stimulation is not reliable for identifying carriers of 21-hydroxylase deficiency; genetic testing is necessary.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Using LC-MS/MS for hormone measurement can prevent false high testosterone results and avoid unnecessary tests.
January 2026 in “Endocrinology”
28 citations
,
May 2013 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but should be used cautiously and not based solely on testosterone levels.
41 citations
,
March 2007 in “Steroids” New methods to make oxasteroids show promise for medical treatments like osteoporosis and breast cancer.
7 citations
,
September 2022 in “Communications biology” Omega-6 fats in certain cells boost male hormone production.
1 citations
,
June 2024 in “Revista Colombiana de Endocrinología Diabetes & Metabolismo” The risks of testosterone implants in women outweigh the benefits.
29 citations
,
October 2009 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” January 2009 in “Yearbook of Endocrinology” DHEA therapy improves pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in young females with central adrenal insufficiency.
25 citations
,
October 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Both types of oral contraceptives improved symptoms and hormone levels in women with PCOS.
October 2023 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman's ovarian fibroma caused high testosterone levels, which normalized after surgery.
February 2009 in “Endocrinology” DHEA therapy improves pubic hair growth and psychological well-being in girls with central adrenal insufficiency.
January 2026 in “Journal of Sexual and Mental Health” New male contraceptive pills show promise in reducing sperm production with mild side effects.
43 citations
,
December 2012 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Progesterone protects neurons from damage by converting to allopregnanolone, which works through GABAA receptors.
146 citations
,
December 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.
187 citations
,
December 2005 in “Experimental Dermatology” Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.