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Glossary3D cell spheroids

clusters of cells growing in three-dimensional structures

3D cell spheroids are clusters of cells that grow in a three-dimensional structure, mimicking the natural environment of tissues more accurately than traditional two-dimensional cell cultures. These spheroids are used in research to study cell behavior, drug responses, and disease mechanisms, providing a more realistic model for biological processes and potential treatments.

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Surface Tension Guided Hanging-Drop: Producing Controllable 3D Spheroids of High-Passaged Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Forming Inductive Microtissues for Hair-Follicle Regeneration

research Surface Tension Guided Hanging-Drop: Producing Controllable 3D Spheroid of High-Passaged Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Forming Inductive Microtissues for Hair-Follicle Regeneration

62 citations , February 2016 in “ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces”

Technique creates 3D cell spheroids for hair-follicle regeneration.

research 3D spheroid culture synchronizes heterogeneous MSCs into an immunomodulatory phenotype with enhanced anti-inflammatory effects

13 citations , August 2024 in “iScience”

3D spheroid culture makes stem cells better at reducing inflammation.

research 3D Spheroid Human Dermal Papilla Cell as an Effective Model for the Screening of Hair Growth Promoting Compounds: Examples of Minoxidil and 3,4,5-Tri-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid (TCQA)

2 citations , June 2022 in “Cells”

3D cell cultures are better for testing hair growth treatments than 2D cultures.

Establishment of 3D Spheroid Human Dermal Papilla Cells as an Effective Model for Hair Growth Screening Compounds Compared with the 2D System: An Example of Minoxidil and 3,4,5-Tri-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid

research Establishment of 3D Spheroid Human Dermal Papilla Cells as an Effective Model for Hair Growth Screening Compounds Compared with the 2D System: An Example of Minoxidil and 3,4,5-Tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (TCQA)

November 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

3D spheroid cultures of human hair follicle cells are better for hair growth research than 2D cultures, and they provide new insights into how hair growth treatments like minoxidil and TCQA work.

In Vitro Biomimetic Platforms Featuring a Perfusion System and 3D Spheroid Culture Promote the Construction of Tissue-Engineered Corneal Endothelial Layers

research In vitro biomimetic platforms featuring a perfusion system and 3D spheroid culture promote the construction of tissue-engineered corneal endothelial layers

14 citations , April 2017 in “Scientific Reports”

Using a perfusion system and 3D spheroid culture improves the growth of corneal cell layers for tissue engineering.

research 3D Spheroid Human Dermal Papilla Cell as an Effective Model for the Screening of Hair Growth Promoting Compounds: Examples of Minoxidil and 3,4,5-Tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid (TCQA)

July 2022 in “Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)”

3D spheroid cells effectively test hair growth compounds like Minoxidil.

research Self-Organizing 3D Dermal Papilla Cell Spheroids Yield Therapeutic Extracellular Vesicles that Target Hypertrophic Scar Regression via the miR-26a-5p/CCNE2 Axis

July 2025 in “Burns & Trauma”

3D cell spheroids can help reduce scars by delivering therapeutic vesicles.

research Controllable Production of Transplantable Adult Human High-Passage Dermal Papilla Spheroids Using 3D Matrigel Culture

46 citations , September 2014 in “Tissue engineering. Part A”

Researchers created hair-inducing human cell clusters using a 3D culture method.

research Comparative analysis of 3D and 2D cell-culturing methods in hair follicle spheroid morphogenesis and drug responsiveness

1 citations , July 2025 in “Biomaterials Advances”

3D cultures respond better to minoxidil, while 2D cultures respond better to DHT.

research High-Throughput 3D Spheroid Production with Photocurable Polyurethane Microwell Arrays via LCD 3D Printing

February 2026

The method effectively creates uniform, viable cell spheroids for 3D cell culture.

research 569 Application of 3D scaffold free dermal spheroids to investigate retinol and retinol alternatives mechanism of action on extracellular matrix

July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

research Methods for the isolation and 3D culture of dermal papilla cells from human hair follicles

55 citations , April 2017 in “Experimental Dermatology”

The document describes a way to isolate and grow human hair follicle cells in 3D to help study hair growth.

research Wnt activator CHIR99021-stimulated human dermal papilla spheroids contribute to hair follicle formation and production of reconstituted follicle-enriched human skin

40 citations , June 2019 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

CHIR99021 helps create human skin with hair follicles, offering hope for hair loss treatments.

research TGF-β2 and collagen play pivotal roles in the spheroid formation and anti-aging of human dermal papilla cells

11 citations , August 2021 in “Aging”

Collagen and TGF-β2 help maintain hair cell shape and youthfulness.

Biological and Mechanical Influence of Three-Dimensional Microenvironment Formed in Microwell on Multicellular Spheroids Composed of Heterogeneous Hair Follicle Stem Cells

research Biological and mechanical influence of three-dimensional microenvironment formed in microwell on multicellular spheroids composed of heterogeneous hair follicle stem cells

1 citations , December 2023 in “Scientific reports”

3D microenvironments in microwells improve hair follicle stem cell behavior and hair regeneration.

research 3D bioprinting of a gelatin-alginate hydrogel for tissue-engineered hair follicle regeneration

15 citations , March 2022 in “Acta Biomaterialia”

The new 3D bioprinting method successfully regenerated hair follicles and shows promise for treating hair loss.

Spheroid Cell Cultures as a Promising Study Model for Hair Follicle Regeneration

research 1333 Spheroids cell cultures as a promising study model for hair follice regeneration

April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Culturing Dermal Papilla Cells and Hair Follicle Stem Cells in 3D conditions can significantly improve hair regeneration potential.

Androgen Action and 3D Culture Conditions Influence Dermal Papilla Cells' Inductive Properties: The Role of Wnt Agonists/Antagonists Balance

research 195 Androgen action and 3D culture conditions influence dermal papilla cells inductive properties: the role of Wnt agonists/antagonists balance

August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

DHT reduces a cell's ability to promote hair growth, while 3D culture without DHT improves it.

research Flavonoid Silibinin Increases Hair-Inductive Property Via Akt and Wnt/��-Catenin Signaling Activation in 3-Dimensional-Spheroid Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells

29 citations , February 2019 in “Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology”

Silibinin may help hair growth and treat hair loss.

Titrated Extract of Centella Asiatica Increases Hair Inductive Property Through Inhibition of STAT Signaling Pathway in Three-Dimensional Spheroid Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells

research Titrated extract ofCentella asiaticaincreases hair inductive property through inhibition of STAT signaling pathway in three-dimensional spheroid cultured human dermal papilla cells

13 citations , October 2017 in “Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry”

Centella asiatica extract may help promote hair growth by blocking a specific cell signaling pathway.

High-Throughput Screening of 3D Co-Culture Hair Follicle Mimetic Tissue with Enhanced ECM for the Screening of Hair Growth Promoting Compounds

research High-throughput screening of 3D co-culture hair follicle mimetic tissue with enhanced ECM for the screening of hair growth promoting compounds

January 2024 in “Biomaterials Research”

The new 3D system helps test hair growth treatments effectively.

research 1324 Impairment of hair-inducing capacity of 3D-cultured human dermal papilla cells by the ablation of STAT5

April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Removing STAT5 from 3D-cultured human skin cells reduces their ability to grow hair.

research Melatonin increases growth properties in human dermal papilla spheroids by activating AKT/GSK3β/β-Catenin signaling pathway

4 citations , May 2022 in “PeerJ”

Melatonin may help hair growth by affecting cell growth and hair-related signaling pathways.

research HIF-1α Stimulators Function Equally to Leading Hair Loss Agents in Enhancing Dermal Papilla Growth

6 citations , January 2020 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology”

HIF-1α stimulators, like deferiprone, work as well as popular hair loss treatments, minoxidil and caffeine, in promoting hair growth.

research Dermal papilla regulation of hair growth and pigmentation

3 citations , January 2019 in “Advances in stem cells and their niches”

Dermal papilla cells are key for hair growth and color, influencing hair type and size, and their interaction with stem cells could help treat hair loss and color disorders.

research Culture Strategy Determines the Differentiation Status of Sweat Gland Cells

October 2025 in “Cells”

3D culture better preserves sweat gland cell identity than 2D culture.

research Hair Growth Promoting Effects of 15-Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenase Inhibitor in Human Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells

July 2024 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

The inhibitor DPP can promote hair growth.

Three-Dimensional Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells in HGC-Coated Environments Enhance Hair Regeneration and Artificial Skin Integration

research Three-Dimensional Cultured Human Dermal Papilla Cells in HGC-Coated Environments Enhance Hair Regeneration and Artificial Skin Integration

January 2024 in “Biomaterials Research”

3D-cultured cells in HGC-coated environments improve hair growth and skin integration.

research 918 Tissue engineered human hair follicles from genetically, environmentally and extrinsically reprogrammed dermal papilla cells

April 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology”

Researchers developed a method to grow human hair follicles using 3D-printed skin models and modified cells.

research 709 Synthetic developmental tissue engineering of human hair follicles

April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Scientists have found a way to grow hair follicles from human cells in a lab, which could help treat hair loss and skin damage.