April 2026 in “Inflammation and Regeneration” AKR1C enzymes in scalp glands decrease with age, possibly affecting hair loss.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Elf5 is important for skin stem cell growth and could help treat skin and hair problems.
March 2025 in “Molecules” Tectona grandis leaf extracts, especially with propylene glycol, may be promising for topical hair loss treatments.
February 2026 in “Case Reports in Dermatology” Finasteride can cause melasma, especially in people with darker skin.
April 2024 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology” 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors lower PSA density but higher PSA density indicates disease progression.
4 citations
,
August 2019 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” Male yak hair growth is influenced by DHT synthesis, which is promoted by 5α-red1 and AR during growth phases, while E2 may inhibit growth through ERα.
3 citations
,
April 2016 in “Research and reports in urology” The new saw palmetto extract effectively inhibits an enzyme linked to prostate enlargement and may be as good as standard treatments.
September 2021 in “World journal of urology” The correction states that the label change for Finasteride was in 2012, leading to more reports of side effects from non-healthcare people.
19 citations
,
September 2011 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” TGF-β1 increases androgen receptor activity in hair loss, but Hic-5/ARA55 can counter this effect.
April 2012 in “The Journal of Urology” Persistent ED in Propecia users is not due to abnormal blood flow.
90 citations
,
March 2017 in “JAMA Internal Medicine” Men over 66 taking medication for prostate enlargement have a higher risk of depression and self-harm, especially in the first 18 months of treatment.
6 citations
,
August 2021 in “Clinical Epidemiology” Men using 5-alpha reductase inhibitors for prostate issues may have a slightly higher risk of blood clots.
258 citations
,
July 2005 in “Journal of lipid research” DGAT1 enzyme helps make diacylglycerols, waxes, and retinyl esters.
October 2022 in “Endocrine journal” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.
70 citations
,
April 2014 in “Annales d'endocrinologie” New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.
3 citations
,
August 2014 in “Steroids” Fermentation of Finasteride with Ocimum sanctum L. creates new metabolite that inhibits tyrosinase.
December 2025 in “Cureus” Using 5α-reductase inhibitors for hair loss may increase the risk of dry eye disease.
5 citations
,
January 2014 in “Molecular Simulation” A new compound may treat benign prostatic hyperplasia better than finasteride.
FGF5 spliceosomes inhibit rabbit hair growth by affecting gene expression.
11 citations
,
June 1979 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The enzyme system in hair follicles is similar to the liver's and is affected by certain inhibitors.
January 2007 in “Chinese Journal of Pharmaceuticals” The study successfully identified the structure of finasteride.
Suppressing ODC activity reduces tumor growth in hair follicles.
124 citations
,
January 1993 in “The Prostate” Finasteride effectively inhibits 5α reductase, while plant extracts like Permixon and Bazoton don't show significant results.
6 citations
,
February 2020 in “Journal of Natural Products” A new compound from a sponge strongly inhibits an enzyme linked to male-pattern hair loss without being toxic at low levels.
April 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Oral 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors for hair loss don't increase heart risk.
1 citations
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August 2015 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” 5α-reductase inhibitors can cause serious and possibly lasting sexual and psychological side effects.
July 2021 in “Asia-Pacific journal of convergent research interchange” Cauliflower Mushroom extract may help treat male hair loss by affecting hair growth-related genes.
Dutasteride and finasteride can change hair growth genes, helping treat hair loss.
34 citations
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March 2007 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” Thioredoxin reductase 1 does not affect glucocorticoid receptor activity in hair follicle cells.
March 2026 in “Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research” Albizia saponaria bark extract may help treat hair loss.