42 citations
,
January 1998 in “BioDrugs” Azathioprine's effectiveness and safety require careful monitoring and more research, especially regarding its use with corticosteroids and the role of TPMT status in patients.
January 2025 in “Balkan Medical Journal” Baricitinib helps regrow hair in severe alopecia areata and is safe, but more research is needed.
13 citations
,
November 2021 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Tofacitinib taken by mouth helps treat hair loss in children.
3 citations
,
September 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Baricitinib was more effective than a placebo in regrowing hair in adults with alopecia areata after 36 weeks.
November 2025 in “JEADV Clinical Practice” Leflunomide may lower alopecia areata risk, while other immunomodulators might increase it.
24 citations
,
January 2018 in “International Journal of Trichology” Tofacitinib helped regrow hair in patients with alopecia, with few side effects.
222 citations
,
September 2016 in “JCI insight” Tofacitinib is safe and effective for severe alopecia areata, but hair loss may return 2 months after stopping treatment.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Public Health” Baricitinib and tofacitinib have different safety patterns in treating alopecia areata.
1 citations
,
April 2019 in “Acta Medica Philippina” Azathioprine may help treat severe alopecia areata, but more research is needed.
66 citations
,
December 2018 in “Dermatology” Both ruxolitinib and tofacitinib are effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata, but relapses are common.
42 citations
,
November 2018 in “Archives of dermatological research” Apremilast was not effective in treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata.
2 citations
,
March 2024 in “Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council” JAK inhibitors effectively treat severe atopic dermatitis and alopecia areata.
August 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” TAGX-0003 protected hair follicles and reversed alopecia areata in a mouse model.
September 2002 in “Oncology Times” Promising cancer treatments were found, but the manufacturer closed.
September 2023 in “International Journal of Trichology” Tofacitinib helped a woman regrow hair with no major side effects.
1 citations
,
June 2017 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Oral tofacitinib may be an effective and tolerable treatment for some people with severe alopecia areata.
March 2024 in “Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology” Upadacitinib may effectively treat alopecia areata without side effects.
February 2026 in “Reports — Medical Cases Images and Videos” Upadacitinib may help regrow hair in children with alopecia areata and is generally safe.
238 citations
,
November 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Tofacitinib is effective and safe for severe hair loss, but full regrowth is less likely after 10 years of hair loss.
29 citations
,
December 2019 in “Expert review of clinical pharmacology” JAK inhibitors are a promising new treatment for hair loss and nail problems in alopecia areata.
October 2022 in “Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh” Tofacitinib is effective and safe for treating alopecia areata.
January 2025 in “Journal of Crohn s and Colitis” Tofacitinib is effective and safe for elderly patients with ulcerative colitis.
9 citations
,
August 2018 in “JAAD Case Reports” Tofacitinib can temporarily improve hair growth in alopecia universalis, but its effectiveness may decrease over time.
1 citations
,
June 2020 in “Annals of the rheumatic diseases” Most patients successfully switched from the original adalimumab to a biosimilar with few reverting due to reduced effectiveness or side effects.
Abemaciclib can cause skin, hair, and nail problems, leading some patients to stop using it.
September 2023 in “PubMed” Baricitinib is a relatively safe and effective treatment for severe alopecia areata.
2 citations
,
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Tofacitinib helped over half of the patients with severe hair loss regrow at least 50% of their hair.
January 2024 in “Pharmacoepidemiology” Patients with rheumatoid arthritis using tofacitinib had more serious side effects than those with alopecia areata.
January 2024 in “Acta dermato-venereologica”
1 citations
,
January 2023 in “Cutis” The paper concludes that the new medication baricitinib needs further testing in a more diverse group of patients with alopecia areata.