May 2026 in “Electronic Journal of General Medicine” Irisin and betatrophin levels change differently in PCOS, which may help assess metabolic risks.
7 citations
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January 2015 in “PubMed” Osteopontin may play a role in alopecia areata, but its levels don't predict treatment success.
24 citations
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May 1985 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A circulating inhibitor caused insulin resistance, but clomiphene improved symptoms.
February 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Insulin resistance and nesfatin-1 are linked to acne severity.
Lower serum irisin levels are linked to androgenetic alopecia but not to insulin resistance.
5 citations
,
October 2018 in “Medical Science Monitor” Women with PCOS have lower amylin levels, which are not related to their body weight.
February 2020 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Higher Galectin-3 levels are linked to insulin resistance and may predict androgenetic alopecia severity.
24 citations
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May 1951 in “Endocrinology” Adrenocorticotropic hormone inhibits growth and affects body composition in male rats.
1 citations
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August 2023 in “South Asian Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” Fetuin A levels are higher in PCOS patients, while asprosin levels show no difference.
12 citations
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January 1999 in “Journal of Animal Science” Glucocorticoids and thyroid hormones together are essential for fetal fat development.
8 citations
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April 1991 in “European journal of endocrinology” 3α-AdiolG is a good marker for androgen activity in women with excessive hair growth and decreases with anti-androgen treatment.
1 citations
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December 2006 in “Experimental Dermatology” Adipocytes have diverse roles in energy storage, protection, tissue repair, and influence health and disease.
7 citations
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April 2023 in “Biomedicines” Dihydrotestosterone boosts inflammation in fat cells more than testosterone.
March 2026 in “European Journal of Medical and Health Research” Women with hair loss had lower IGF-1 levels.
18 citations
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August 2012 in “Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology” People with alopecia areata have higher insulin resistance.
29 citations
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March 2010 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Lipocalin-2 levels are higher in women with PCOS and may indicate insulin resistance.
21 citations
,
July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Obese and non-obese women with PCOS have higher heart risk markers, especially if they are obese.
Fetuin-A levels are higher in PCOS patients, suggesting it may play a role in the condition.
1 citations
,
October 2014 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” People with alopecia areata have higher levels of osteopontin, which might be important in the disease's development, but this doesn't relate to how severe the disease is.
4 citations
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May 2023 in “Cells” Baricitinib and its combination with lonafarnib improve fat cell formation in certain genetic disorders.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Lower IGF-1 levels may be linked to hair loss in women.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Lower IGF-1 levels may be linked to hair loss in women.
The conclusion is that there's a link between high testosterone levels, insulin resistance, and certain skin conditions, regardless of obesity.
4 citations
,
January 2007 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Low leptin levels in obese women with high testosterone may indicate a tumor that secretes male hormones.
October 2023 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Men with male pattern baldness have lower levels of the antioxidant PON1.
2 citations
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September 2002 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” The GH-IGF-I axis is likely involved in the hormonal imbalances seen in non-obese women with functional hyperandrogenism.
February 2022 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Acanthosis nigricans in teenage girls with PCOS is a sign of obesity, not insulin resistance or glucose intolerance.
6 citations
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January 2018 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Darkened knuckles can be an early sign of insulin resistance.
53 citations
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August 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
January 2024 in “International Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy Sciences” Patients with acne vulgaris have lower serum irisin levels.