October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Certain genetic variants impair enzyme activity, contributing to non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
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March 1985 in “Journal of Clinical Investigation” Measuring 24-OHase induction helps identify defects in vitamin D processing and predict treatment response.
Retinoids or their analogs could treat skin pigmentation disorders like melasma and vitiligo.
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December 2000 in “PubMed” CS-891 may effectively treat hair loss by blocking enzymes in hair follicles.
41 citations
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January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Cortisone reductase deficiency can cause high androgen and cortisol levels and may be missed in women with similar symptoms.
A KRT32 gene variant causes loose anagen hair syndrome.
February 2025 in “PubMed” CS12192 effectively treats alopecia areata with better safety than current options.
57 citations
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November 2006 in “International Journal of Cancer” A49T gene variant linked to higher prostate cancer risk, lower hormone levels, and slightly reduced balding risk.
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January 2013 in “International Journal of Dermatology” ALDOA levels drop in hair cells during hair loss.
November 2023 in “Scientific reports” The research identified and described a gene important for hormone conversion in endangered catfish, which varies in activity during different reproductive stages and after hormone treatment.
19 citations
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March 2010 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Curcumin and its derivatives can block an enzyme important for making testosterone, with one derivative being particularly strong.
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Blocking CRF1 receptors improved male hormone levels and reduced testicular tumor size in men with a specific adrenal condition.
February 2026 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Ritlecitinib effectively regrows scalp, eyebrow, and eyelash hair in Asians with alopecia areata and is safe.
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November 1998 in “PubMed” April 2019 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Blocking JAK1 or JAK3 helps reverse hair loss in a mouse model of alopecia areata.
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August 2003 in “Steroids” Hirsute women have lower type 2 17β-HSD enzyme levels, which improve with treatment.
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December 2018 in “Biomedical and pharmacology journal/Biomedical & pharmacology journal” Compound 3 protects the heart from damage by activating A1-adenosine receptors.
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June 1979 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The enzyme system in hair follicles is similar to the liver's and is affected by certain inhibitors.
March 2010 in “The Journal of Urology” Methylation of the 5-AR2 gene may cause resistance to Finasteride in BPH patients.
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March 2003 in “Archiv Der Pharmazie” Scientists made new substances that can block an enzyme linked to prostate issues and hair loss, with potential for creating a new treatment.
Suppressing ODC activity reduces tumor growth in hair follicles.
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March 1990 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride may treat baldness but less effective for those with 5α-reductase deficiency.
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October 1990 in “The Lancet” Some people have a genetic variation that makes them less effective at breaking down drugs.
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February 2007 in “Hormone and metabolic research” The substance MK386 effectively blocked testosterone conversion and reduced cell growth in certain skin cells, but inhibiting 5α-reductase alone may not greatly improve acne.
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May 1996 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Ornithine decarboxylase is crucial for hair growth regulation in mice.
January 2008 in “The Year book of endocrinology” Gene variant linked to prostate cancer, hormone levels, and hair loss.
August 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The enzyme CD73 helps control human hair growth and could be targeted to treat hair growth disorders.
September 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Certain hormone levels can help diagnose P450 oxidoreductase deficiency.
December 2025 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” Ritlecitinib is effective and safe for treating severe alopecia areata in people aged 12 and older.
April 2026 in “Inflammation and Regeneration” AKR1C enzymes in scalp glands decrease with age, possibly affecting hair loss.