78 citations
,
November 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.
46 citations
,
July 1974 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Low estrogen and high testosterone may cause excessive hair growth in women.
30 citations
,
July 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.
21 citations
,
September 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Amenorrhea, or the absence of periods, should be evaluated by age 15 or within five years of early breast development, and is most commonly caused by conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome and hypothalamic amenorrhea.
Hirsutism in women is linked to PCOS and can cause health issues if untreated.
January 2024 in “Women's health science journal” Hormonal imbalances are a key cause of missed menstrual periods in women.
July 2021 in “Journal of medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences” Amenorrhea, or missing periods, is caused by various factors and is treated based on the specific cause.
38 citations
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October 2006 in “Fertility and Sterility” The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.
22 citations
,
March 2021 in “European journal of endocrinology” Primary amenorrhea and delayed puberty in females can be diagnosed and managed effectively.
22 citations
,
June 1993 in “Calcified Tissue International” Women with hyperandrogenic amenorrhea have similar bone density to healthy women but lower than androgenized women without amenorrhea, and high DHEAS levels might affect bone density.
6 citations
,
October 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Relatives of women with PCOS symptoms are more likely to have similar health issues.
5 citations
,
January 2017 in “Dermato-endocrinology” Postmenopausal women with past hirsutism or irregular periods have more heart and lung diseases.
4 citations
,
August 2017 in “The Nurse Practitioner” Secondary amenorrhea has many causes and requires thorough evaluation to treat and restore menstrual cycles.
October 2025 in “Česká gynekologie” Hyperprolactinemia is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea, followed by drug use.
April 2024 in “International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies” Early investigation and a team approach are crucial for managing primary amenorrhea effectively.
February 2024 in “Pediatrics in review” A 15-year-old girl with missed periods was diagnosed with a pituitary disorder and treated with hormones and steroids.
October 2023 in “IJEM case reports” A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 14-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with Swyer Syndrome and treated for a related cancer risk.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” Cabergoline is more effective and has fewer side effects than bromocriptine for treating women with hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea.
March 2023 in “European journal of internal medicine” The patient's long-term symptoms were due to Sheehan's syndrome, which improved with hormone therapy.
18 citations
,
January 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology” The document concludes that Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea should be carefully diagnosed and managed to prevent health complications, using lifestyle changes and specific medications.
May 1999 in “Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise” The gymnast's wrist pain and delayed menstruation are linked to intense exercise, requiring reduced activity and monitoring.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 23-year-old woman's missed periods were caused by a rare genetic disorder treated with hormone patches.
135 citations
,
August 1994 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Most women with hirsutism or androgenic alopecia had polycystic ovaries, especially if they had irregular periods.
96 citations
,
October 1987 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Chronic GnRHa treatment can help manage endometrial hyperplasia and reduce ovarian androgen excess in PCO patients.
89 citations
,
March 2001 in “Endocrine practice” The guidelines help doctors diagnose and treat hormone-related disorders in women.
80 citations
,
January 1995 in “The Nephron journals/Nephron journals” The treatment was effective for lupus nephritis with manageable side effects.
66 citations
,
August 1999 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Women with acromegaly often have irregular periods due to hormone imbalances and growth hormone effects.
45 citations
,
January 2006 in “Endocrine journal” To diagnose Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, two out of three signs—irregular periods, high male hormone levels, or cysts on the ovaries—are needed.