47 citations
,
June 2016 in “JAMA Dermatology” Men with early hair loss have similar hormone levels to women with PCOS, possibly increasing risk of obesity and heart issues.
45 citations
,
February 2012 Obese women with PCOS are more likely to have fatty liver disease.
42 citations
,
September 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” The research found that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has two distinct types, with one having more severe hormone and insulin issues.
35 citations
,
July 2008 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” MPA improved hormonal imbalances and acne in women with PCOS without affecting metabolism.
33 citations
,
January 2018 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Metformin improves menstrual cycles and hormone levels in women with PCOS, mostly within the first 6 months.
25 citations
,
January 2013 in “International Journal of Trichology” Premature balding in some men may be linked to altered hormones, but it's not the male equivalent to polycystic ovary syndrome or metabolic syndrome.
24 citations
,
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Age, smoking, and lower BMI increase facial wrinkles; men wrinkle more than women, except in old age; pale skin and certain hormonal factors can protect against wrinkles.
22 citations
,
May 2006 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Calculated testosterone values are reliable for assessing hyperandrogenemia in women, making direct measurement unnecessary.
20 citations
,
September 2023 in “Nutrients” A very-low-calorie diet led to more weight loss and health improvements in obese women with PCOS than a moderate energy deficit diet.
17 citations
,
May 2019 in “Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research and Reviews” High fasting insulin levels in women with PCOS are linked to a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.
14 citations
,
September 2007 in “Steroids” The study concluded that androstendione and DHEA are important for diagnosing high male hormone levels in women with excessive hair growth.
13 citations
,
March 2019 in “Physiological Research” Overweight women with PCOS have higher levels of certain hormones that could indicate a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.
12 citations
,
December 2005 in “PubMed” Some men with early hair loss may have similar hormonal changes to women with Polycystic ovary syndrome, and could be at risk for developing type 2 diabetes.
9 citations
,
March 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” About 19.4% of Iranian women in the study have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, with the most common type involving irregular periods and high male hormone levels, but their heart and metabolic health is similar to women without the condition.
9 citations
,
January 2022 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” High levels of male hormones and irregular periods best predict how well PCOS patients will respond to metformin treatment.
7 citations
,
October 2020 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Women with PCOS are at high risk of glucose metabolism issues and heart diseases, especially if overweight, highlighting the need for early intervention.
7 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Most women with hyperandrogenism first show acne, and skin conditions like hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are good indicators of the condition.
6 citations
,
July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.
6 citations
,
August 2014 in “Sri Lanka Journal of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism” The FG score is better at detecting hyperandrogenism in PCOS patients than testosterone levels or FAI, but testosterone is the recommended test for diagnosis.
6 citations
,
January 2009 In PCOS, high male hormones cause hair growth, acne, and hair loss, affecting periods.
2 citations
,
November 2025 in “Nutrition Journal” Probiotic supplements may help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in women with PCOS.
2 citations
,
April 2023 in “BMC endocrine disorders” The link between physical signs of high male hormones and hormone levels in women with PCOS changes with age.
2 citations
,
July 2019 in “Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences” Perforin and granzyme-B may influence hormone levels in women with PCOS.
2 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of Steroids & Hormonal Science” Women with PCOS and polycystic ovaries have higher male hormone levels and more insulin resistance, especially if they are overweight.
2 citations
,
January 2005 in “PubMed” Women with excessive body hair often have higher male hormones and related health issues.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Men who went through puberty later had lower sperm counts and altered hormone levels, possibly affecting fertility.
1 citations
,
January 2023 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” High DHEA and short cervical length in women with PCOS and recurrent miscarriages may harm pregnancy outcomes.
1 citations
,
December 2022 in “Biomedicines” Middle-aged women with PCOS often continue to experience symptoms related to high androgen levels, like unwanted hair growth.
May 2026 in “Journal of Functional Foods” Ginger may help reduce testosterone and improve menstrual issues in women with PCOS.
March 2025 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Elevated testosterone, DHEA-S, and FAI help identify PCOS risk in menstrual irregularities.