16 citations
,
May 2019 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Selenium might help with insulin resistance and cholesterol in PCOS, but more research is needed to confirm its benefits.
October 2025 in “Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College” Free testosterone is the most common hormone marker in PCOS, and age affects DHEAS levels.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help with androgen deficiency in women but should be used with caution and monitoring due to potential risks.
February 2010 in “ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)” Male sexual differentiation is regulated independently, while female differentiation occurs in an androgenic environment, affecting conditions like congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
195 citations
,
November 2019 in “Clinica Chimica Acta” High levels of male hormones, insulin resistance, and obesity are closely linked and worsen polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed to improve treatments.
60 citations
,
February 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Metformin combined with lifestyle changes improves insulin resistance and reduces testosterone levels in women with PCOS more than lifestyle changes alone.
5 citations
,
November 2018 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology” Ovarian Leydig cell tumors are hard to diagnose with just advanced imaging; expert ultrasound and clinical evaluation are essential.
16 citations
,
May 2013 in “Urology” Metabolic syndrome linked to urinary symptoms; hair loss not significant.
31 citations
,
February 2021 in “Nutrients” Curcumin may improve blood sugar levels and cholesterol in people with PCOS, but more research is needed.
December 2025 in “Lviv clinical bulletin” PRP therapy may help with ovarian issues and fertility, but more research is needed.
October 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Research in Technology” Certain natural ingredients and lifestyle changes can help manage PCOS symptoms by balancing hormones and improving insulin sensitivity.
101 citations
,
April 1994 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” 5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “Biology and medicine” High testosterone levels in 20% of the women studied may indicate PCOS, while 80% had low levels with potential health impacts.
July 2005 in “The American Journal of Human Genetics” The AR gene is linked to male-pattern baldness, TNFSF4 to heart disease, SLC19A3 to BBGD, MCT8 to a syndrome, and segmental duplications to genetic variation.
24 citations
,
March 2017 in “Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics” The study found that women with hyperandrogenic PCOS have higher levels of AKT1 and AKT2 proteins in their cells, which may lead to cell dysfunction.
21 citations
,
April 2011 in “Physiological Research” Normal levels of DHT can reduce belly fat and increase muscle, but too much can lead to hair loss, prostate issues, and possibly heart disease.
8 citations
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February 2009 in “Current Women's Health Reviews” Testosterone treatment can improve sexual function and bone density in women but may have adverse effects and requires more research on safety and guidelines.
6 citations
,
August 2009 in “Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry” Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.
July 2017 in “Contemporary Endocrinology” The document concludes that patient outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia are often not ideal because of poor management and a need for better diagnosis and treatment methods.
June 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” UK medical students lack dermatology education, liver biopsy patients with risk factors show more fibrosis, and certain fungi resist drugs due to melanin; genetics may influence female hair loss.
120 citations
,
April 2019 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Both estrogens and androgens are important for health in both males and females.
12 citations
,
October 1995 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Skin changes can indicate hormonal imbalances and help diagnose endocrine disorders.
97 citations
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April 2016 in “Andrology” Hormones and metabolism play a complex role in prostate enlargement, and more research is needed to improve diagnosis and treatment.
24 citations
,
July 2017 in “Structure” FGF9 controls which receptors it binds to through a process where two FGF9 molecules join, and changes in FGF9 can lead to incorrect receptor activation.
22 citations
,
January 2002 in “Treatments in endocrinology” Birth control pills help treat skin and hair growth problems linked to high male hormone levels.
November 2013 in “John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks” Skin symptoms can indicate endocrine disorders and have various treatments.
September 2025 in “Obstetrics and gynecology.” Myoinositol effectively manages PCOS with fewer side effects than metformin.
2 citations
,
May 2023 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Natural products may help treat skin inflammation from abnormal adrenal hormones.
January 2023 in “International journal of clinical medicine” Women with PCOS and hair loss have lower levels of the protein gelsolin in their blood.
280 citations
,
May 2005 in “Andrology” Testosterone treatment for older men can have short-term benefits, but long-term risks are unclear, requiring careful evaluation and monitoring.