186 citations
,
July 1998 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Shorter CAG repeats may cause hair and skin issues, while longer ones may link to acne.
93 citations
,
June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
54 citations
,
November 2001 in “Urology” The length of the CAG repeat in the androgen receptor gene affects the risk and progression of prostate cancer, BPH, infertility, and undermasculinized genitalia.
45 citations
,
November 2012 The conclusion is that androgen receptor gene polymorphism might be a marker for polycystic ovary syndrome, but more research is needed.
44 citations
,
January 2008 in “Fertility and Sterility” Longer CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.
41 citations
,
October 2011 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” G allele of AR Stul polymorphism linked to higher hair loss risk, especially in white people.
29 citations
,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.
25 citations
,
August 2006 in “Human Reproduction” Oral contraceptives lower testosterone levels in women, especially those with certain genetic traits, and may be linked to increased breast cancer risk.
23 citations
,
January 2014 in “International Journal of Biological Sciences” African American men with prostate cancer have more androgen receptor mutations, which may lead to more aggressive cancer compared to Caucasian American men.
15 citations
,
August 2010 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin works better for adolescent girls with PCOS who have certain genetic variations.
11 citations
,
March 2014 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Hair loss gene linked to prostate issues.
9 citations
,
September 2014 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” Certain genetic variants in the androgen receptor are linked to higher PSA levels, potentially affecting prostate cancer screening outcomes.
7 citations
,
January 2019 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” Certain gene variations might be linked to severe acne in women but not in men.
June 2023 in “International Journal of Research in Dermatology” Certain gene variations are linked to severe acne in Egyptian patients and could guide treatment choices.
December 2010 in “Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii” Certain genes and X chromosome patterns may significantly contribute to the development of hair loss.
34 citations
,
January 2000 in “Journal of Andrology” CAG repeat polymorphism and prostate zone volume are not reliable markers of long-term androgen sensitivity.
1 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of Research in Medical Sciences” Fewer GGC sequences in the androgen receptor gene improve finasteride treatment for hair loss.
January 2009 in “Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics” The study suggests that a specific gene variation and higher gene activity are linked to increased baldness in Egyptian men.
October 2011 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” Certain gene variations are significantly linked to hair loss, especially in white people.
January 2009 in “Journal of Clinical Dermatology” CAG repeat numbers in the AR gene likely don't affect hair loss in Korean men.
9 citations
,
March 2009 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Certain gene variations are linked to better memory in healthy Chinese women.
April 2011 in “Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii” Certain gene variations and irregular X chromosome activity may contribute to hair loss in women who can have children.
10 citations
,
November 2010 in “Journal of Dermatology” Longer CAG repeats in gene linked to more severe hair loss in females.
March 2021 in “Medico-Legal Update” The androgen receptor gene doesn't affect women with recurrent spontaneous abortions, but having a mutant genotype might protect against it.
60 citations
,
January 2007 in “Human Genetics” AR polyglycine repeat doesn't cause baldness.
16 citations
,
September 2014 in “International Journal of Biological Markers” Longer CAG and GGN repeats increase alopecia risk, but no significant link to post-finasteride syndrome found.
7 citations
,
June 2022 in “Biology” Men with more CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene and lower testosterone levels may experience more severe COVID-19.
October 2025 in “Scientific Reports” AR gene variations don't affect aging markers in men.
January 2011 in “The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology” Shorter GGN repeats in the androgen receptor gene are linked to androgenetic alopecia.
14 citations
,
December 2016 in “Sexual Medicine” Finasteride side effects in young men may be linked to specific gene variations.