April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Mosaic Klinefelter syndrome can affect male fertility and may be missed in routine tests.
May 2025 in “Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venerology” Certain gene changes and hormone levels are linked to female hair loss.
April 2023 in “Elsevier eBooks” PCOS is a hormonal disorder causing symptoms like excess hair, acne, irregular periods, and fertility issues.
24 citations
,
January 2011 in “Sexual Development” Intersex frogs have different brain gene activity related to sex and thyroid hormones.
13 citations
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November 2019 in “Scientific reports” Certain drugs change freshwater snail shells to a "banana" shape.
8 citations
,
April 2017 in “Medical Hypotheses” Men with early balding may have hormonal imbalances similar to women with PCOS and could benefit from similar treatments.
1 citations
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September 2021 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Japanese cases of fibrosing alopecia show a unique age and hair loss pattern, possibly due to racial differences.
January 2023 in “Austin Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” PCOS affects many young women in KSA, with mild cases being most common.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Different types of stem cells in the skin contribute to the variety of melanoma forms.
March 2015 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone affects skin by increasing oil production and influences hair growth.
August 2010 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” New hair regrowth model introduced, imiquimod kills skin cancer cells, T-cadherin loss makes skin cancer more invasive, no strong link between PTCH1 gene and skin cancer after transplant, and male teens more likely to have hereditary hair loss.
July 2010 in “British Journal of Dermatology” New hair regrowth model proposed, imiquimod found to kill skin cancer cells, T-cadherin loss linked to invasive skin cancer, no clear gene link to skin cancer after transplant, and study on children's hair loss shows male dominance and genetic ties.
57 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.
4 citations
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August 2021 in “Pediatrics in review” DSDs are birth conditions causing unusual sex development, managed with personalized care and sometimes surgery, but still lack a standard treatment approach.
28 citations
,
February 2021 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Radiofrequency microneedling is an effective and safe treatment for various skin conditions and works well with other treatments and on darker skin.
25 citations
,
September 2006 in “Birth Defects Research” Different processes create patterns in skin and things like hair and feathers.
16 citations
,
September 2018 in “Clinical Biochemistry” The document concludes that more research is needed to fully understand the causes of PCOS.
16 citations
,
February 2018 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Diagnosing hyperandrogenism in women is complex and requires accurate testing methods and consideration of SHBG levels.
11 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Female mice with disrupted 5α-reductase 1 had significant metabolic issues, including stress response problems, insulin resistance, liver fat buildup, and obesity.
2 citations
,
January 2016 in “US Endocrinology” Scalp hair thinning in women with PCOS is linked to metabolic issues like abnormal glucose tolerance, high LDL, and skipped meals.
42 citations
,
August 2022 in “Diagnostics” Diagnose PCOS in teens using irregular periods and high androgen levels, not ultrasound.
237 citations
,
December 2001 in “Urology” Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.
5 citations
,
October 2021 in “Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council” PCOS treatment should be personalized based on its type and the patient's reproductive goals.
40 citations
,
November 2013 in “European journal of endocrinology” Effective hirsutism treatment for women with PCOS should be personalized and may include lifestyle changes and medication.
8 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Certain genetic variants impair enzyme activity, contributing to non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
November 2025 in “Cureus” PCOS-related acne can be managed by targeting hormones and insulin resistance.
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Higher leptin levels link to hair loss.
143 citations
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October 1996 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Too much androgen can cause hair loss; finasteride may help.