7 citations
,
July 1981 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” The normalized androgen ratio can help manage conditions with excess androgen activity in women.
4 citations
,
August 2017 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Finger length ratio may indicate male hair loss.
October 2023 in “Dermatology practical & conceptual” Finger length ratios might help predict common hair loss.
8 citations
,
April 2016 in “Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia” Right hand finger ratio may predict male hair loss.
3 citations
,
June 2016 in “Dermatology Reports” Finger length ratios don't predict baldness in men.
7 citations
,
September 2014 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Ultrasound measurement of the ovarian stroma to total area ratio is not a reliable single predictor of high male hormone levels in Thai women with PCOS, but works better when combined with clinical signs.
December 2022 in “The Aging Male” Lower 2D:4D ratio and older age increase the risk of severe hair loss in men.
42 citations
,
August 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer distance between the clitoris and anus.
January 2020 in “Research Portal Denmark” A short male anogenital distance may indicate incomplete masculinization due to disrupted androgen action.
February 2019 in “Obstetrics and gynaecology cases - reviews” Women with excessive hair growth tend to have shorter index and ring fingers compared to others.
February 2023 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Transgender patients on masculinizing hormones have higher hair loss rates than cisgender women.
8 citations
,
April 1991 in “European journal of endocrinology” 3α-AdiolG is a good marker for androgen activity in women with excessive hair growth and decreases with anti-androgen treatment.
March 2018 in “Benha Journal of Applied Sciences” Finger length ratio is not linked to hirsutism or hormone levels.
1 citations
,
December 2025 in “Selçuk tıp dergisi/Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi dergisi” Lower 2D:4D finger ratios in HS patients suggest prenatal hormone influence on the disease.
December 2025 in “Anatomy (International Journal of Experimental and Clinical Anatomy)” Palmaris longus muscle absence is uncommon and not linked to gender, hand side, or finger ratio.
9 citations
,
January 1997 in “Endocrine Journal” Gonadal biopsy is the best method to diagnose gonadal dysgenesis.
6 citations
,
January 2017 in “Dermato-endocrinology” ADT-G may be a useful indicator of increased androgen levels in women with acne and can be lowered with certain birth control pills.
5 citations
,
May 2019 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Finger length ratios might predict risk for skin condition in males.
22 citations
,
August 2013 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Acne severity in women with PCOS is linked to younger age, lower body weight, and more body hair, but not to hormone levels.
32 citations
,
February 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
30 citations
,
January 2019 in “Clinical Endocrinology” The study concluded that both anti-Mullerian hormone and LH/FSH ratio are higher in women with PCOS and combining these markers with BMI could improve diagnosis accuracy.
40 citations
,
June 2009 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” AGA patients have fewer hairs and smaller follicles; T:V ratio above 4:1 may indicate AGA.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Male pattern baldness may indicate arterial stiffness in transgender men on long-term testosterone therapy.
9 citations
,
January 2017 in “Ginekologia Polska” A higher testosterone to dihydrotestosterone ratio may indicate worse metabolic health in women.
January 2024 in “Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes” A low-glycemic diet improved hormone levels and well-being in overweight women with high androgen levels.
February 2024 in “Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology” PCOS women have more arm fat and higher insulin resistance and glucose levels than non-PCOS women.
2 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Almost 40% of Greek women with acne show signs of androgen-related disorders, with adult women more likely affected.
May 2017 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Men with early hair loss and certain health factors may have a higher risk of developing reproductive issues, similar to polycystic ovary syndrome in women.
19 citations
,
March 2012 in “Clinical Endocrinology” FAI values above 6.4 may suggest high androgen levels and increased metabolic risks in Chinese women of reproductive age.
9 citations
,
August 1952 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” A 17-year-old female with adrenogenital syndrome produces very high levels of androgens, which prevent complete feminization despite high estrogen doses.